Study the diagram given below and then answer the question that follows: State the main function of (1) glucagon and (2) insulin.

(1) The important function of glucagon is to stimulate the breakdown of glycogen in the liver to glucose. Thus, it raises sugar levels in the blood. (2) The important function of insulin is to regulate the normal blood glucose level in the body.

Study the diagram given below and then answer the question that follows: Why is the pancreas referred to as an exo-endocrine gland?

The pancreas is referred to as an exo-endocrine gland because it has a cluster of hormone-secreting cells known as islets of Langerhans. These cells produce three hormones insulin, glucagon and somatostatin from beta, alpha and delta cells respectively. Thus, behaves like an endocrine gland. It also behaves as an exocrine gland by secreting enzymes which are carried through ducts and help in the digestion process.

Study the diagram given below and then answer the question that follows: Why is insulin not given orally but is injected into the body?

Insulin is chemically protein in nature and thus it gets digested by protein digesting enzymes. Therefore, it is not given orally but is injected into the body.

Study the diagram given below and then answer the question that follows: Where in the body is the pancreas located?

Pancreas is a heterocrine gland because it has a group of hormone-secreting cells called Islets of Langerhans and it also secretes enzymes which are carried through ducts and help in digestion. It is located in the upper left abdomen behind the stomach.