Temperature is a measurement of coldness or hotness of an object. This definition is based on

A system $\mathrm{X}$ is neither in thermal equilibrium with $\mathrm{Y}$ nor with $\mathrm{Z}$. The systems $\mathrm{Y}$ and $\mathrm{Z}$:

Pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas is as shown in figure. Density of the gas at point $A$ is ${\rho }_0$. Density at point $B$ will be: 

If $Q, E \mathrm{and} W$ denote respectively the heat added, change in internal energy and the work done in a closed cycle process, then,

Assertion: Thermodynamic processes in nature are irreversible.

Reason: Dissipative effects cannot be eliminated.

Assertion: In an isolated system, the entropy increases.

Reason: The processes in an isolated system are adiabatic.