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Temperature is a measurement of coldness or hotness of an object. This definition is based on

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Important Questions on Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation

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A system X is neither in thermal equilibrium with Y nor with Z. The systems Y and Z:

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Pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas is as shown in figure. Density of the gas at point A is ρ0. Density at point B will be: 

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Which of the following statements is correct in terms of increasing work done for the same initial and final state?
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If Q, E and W denote respectively the heat added, change in internal energy and the work done in a closed cycle process, then,

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A gas is compressed isothermally to half its initial volume. The same gas is compressed separately through an adiabatic process until its volume is again reduced to half. Then
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A metal bar of mass 1.5 kg is heated at atmospheric pressure. Its temperature is increased from 30 °C to 60 °C. Then the work done in the process is (Volume expansion coefficient of the metal =5×105 °C1, density of the metal =9×103 kg m-3, Atmospheric pressure =1×105 Pa)
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Assertion: Thermodynamic processes in nature are irreversible.

Reason: Dissipative effects cannot be eliminated.

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Assertion: In an isolated system, the entropy increases.

Reason: The processes in an isolated system are adiabatic.