The correct statement about flowers are:

(i) Flowers are always bisexual.
(ii) They are the reproductive organs.
(iii) They give rise to fruits after fertilisation.
(iv) They are produced in all types of plants.

1. Reproduction:

(i) Reproduction is the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced from their parent or parents.

(ii) There are two major types of reproduction in the biological world: asexual and sexual.

(iii) Asexual reproduction refers to the production of offspring by a single parent without the fusion of gametes.

(iv) Sexual reproduction refers to the production of offspring by the fusion of male and female gametes.

2. Asexual reproduction:

(i) Fission, fragmentation, regeneration, budding, vegetative propagation, and spore formation are the main modes of asexual reproduction.

(ii) Vegetative propagation refers to the development of new plants from vegetative parts of a plant like roots, stems, leaves, etc.

(iii) Cutting, grafting, layering, etc., are some techniques of artificial vegetative reproduction.

3. Sexual reproduction in flowering plants:

(i) Flowering plants show sexual reproduction.

(ii) A flower is the reproductive part of a plant. It contains four floral parts, i.e., calyx (sepals), corolla (petals), androecium (stamens), and gynoecium (carpel or pistils).

(iii) Reproduction in flowering plants involves the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma, which is referred to as pollination. This is followed by fertilisation.

4. Reproduction in human beings:

(i) Fertilisation refers to the fusion of male and female gametes or germ cells.

(ii) Changes in the body at puberty, such as increased breast size in girls and new facial hair growth in boys, are signs of sexual maturation.

(iii) The male reproductive system in human beings consists of the testis, which produces sperms, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, urethra, and penis.

(iv) The female reproductive system in human beings consists of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina.

(v) Sexual reproduction in human beings involves the production of offspring by the fusion of male and female gametes. Fertilisation occurs in the fallopian tube.

(vi) The initiation of menstruation is called menarche. The stoppage of menstruation is called menopause.

(vii) The attachment of the young embryo to the uterine wall is called implantation.

(viii) Parturition is the process of expelling the complete young one from the mother’s uterus.

5. Reproductive health:

(i) Vasectomy and tubectomy are methods of male sterilisation and female sterilisation, respectively.

(ii) Gonorrhoea and Syphilis are bacterial STDs, while HIV and Hepatitis B are viral STDs.