Copy and complete these sentences about digestion, using words from the list. You may use each word once, more than once or not at all. acids, amino, amylase, carbohydrates, duodenum, fatty, fats, gall, glycerol, hydrochloric, ileum, ingestion, large, mucus, esophagus, pancreas, proteins, small, starch, trachea, urinary. The teeth, lips and tongue help to take food into the mouth. This is called _____. The food is mixed with saliva from the salivary glands. Saliva contains the enzyme _____, which digests _____, to the sugar, maltose. Saliva also contains _____, which lubricates the chewed food making it easy to swallow. The food travels down the _____ to the stomach. Here, _____ acid is secreted, which provides ideal conditions for the enzyme pepsin to work. Pepsin is a protease, and begins the digestion of_____. After leaving the stomach, the food enters the_____, which is the first part of the_____ intestine. Here, juices from the_____ and_____ bladder flow in. They contain amylase, protease and lipase. Lipase digests fats to_____ _____ and _____.

The process defines the proper functioning of the alimentary canal. The teeth, lips, and tongue help to take food into the mouth. This is called ingestion . The food is mixed with saliva from the salivary glands. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase , which digests carbohydrates , to the sugar, maltose. Saliva also contains mucus , which lubricates the chewed food making it easy to swallow. The food travels down the esophagus to the stomach. Here, hydrochloric acid is secreted, which provides ideal conditions for the enzyme pepsin to work. Pepsin is a protease and begins the digestion of proteins . After leaving the stomach, the food enters the duodenum , which is the first part of the small intestine. Here, juices from the pancreas and gall bladder flow in. They contain amylase, protease and lipase. Lipase digests fats to fatty acids, and glycerol .

Calcium, iron, vitamin C, and vitamin D are nutrients required in small amounts in the diet. Which two of these nutrients are organic substances?

Organic compounds are compounds of a large class of chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements. These are associated with life processes. Vitamins are organic compounds (meaning they contain Carbon) and they are vital nutrients that organisms require in limited amounts. Just like other essential nutrients, vitamins must be obtained from the diet since the organism can not make them (or can not make enough of them) for survival. Vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid, is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties. Ascorbic acid is found in plants and food, including citrus fruits, tomatoes and green vegetables. Vitamin D is important for bone health, and maintaining the functioning of the immune system. Exposure to UVB rays from the sun or other sources causes the body to produce vitamin D.

Calcium, iron, vitamin C, and vitamin D are nutrients required in small amounts in the diet. Explain why none of these nutrients need to be digested before they are absorbed.

Digestion is the complex process of turning the food you eat into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair needed to survive. The digestion process also involves creating waste to be eliminated. It takes place in the alimentary canal. Digestion is mainly of two types: mechanical digestion in which food is physically broken into smaller parts. For instance, by chewing, and chemical digestion in which food is broken down by acids and enzymes into its basic units. Food has to be broken down chemically into small particles before it can be absorbed. Enzymes are the biological catalysts needed to make this happen quickly enough to be useful. While some food can be consumed directly by the body. Minerals, vitamins, calcium, iron , and water are already small enough to be absorbed by the body without being broken down, so they are not digested.

Calcium, iron, vitamin C, and vitamin D are nutrients required in small amounts in the diet. Describe and explain the deficiency symptoms of a lack of iron in the diet.

Nutrients are compounds in foods that are essential to life and health, providing us with energy, the building blocks for repair and growth. There are six major nutrients: Carbohydrates (CHO), Lipids (fats), Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water. Minerals are those elements on the earth, and in foods that our bodies need to develop and function properly. Those essentials for health include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, iron, etc. Iron is an essential mineral that is necessary for the transport of oxygen (via hemoglobin in red blood cells) and oxidation by cells. Iron is found in many food items such as liver, red meat, egg yolk, and green vegetables. The deficiency of iron leads to anemia, in which there are not enough red blood cells, so the tissues do not get enough oxygen delivered to them.

The diagram shows the teeth in the upper jaw of the human. Name the teeth labeled A, B, and C.

The maxilla is the bone that forms your upper jaw. The right and left halves of the maxilla are irregularly shaped bones that fuse together in the middle of the skull, below the nose, in an area known as the intermaxillary suture. The maxilla is a major bone of the face. It lies above the gum. A - Incisor: The four front teeth in both the upper and lower jaws. B - Canine: A conical pointed tooth, is placed laterally to each lateral incisor and mesial to the premolars. C - Molar: A tooth with a rounded or flattened surface adapted for grinding; specifically, one of the cheek teeth in mammals behind the incisors.

MEDIUM

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

The diagram below shows the human digestive system. Give the letters (not the name) of the following part.

Two parts where water is secreted.

Important Questions on Animal Nutrition

HARD

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Cambridge IGCSE® Biology Coursebook Third Edition>Chapter 7 - Animal Nutrition>End-of-chapter questions>Q 3

The diagram below shows the human digestive system. Give the letters (not the name) of the following part.

The part where egestion takes place.

Question Image

HARD

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Cambridge IGCSE® Biology Coursebook Third Edition>Chapter 7 - Animal Nutrition>End-of-chapter questions>Q 4

Copy and complete these sentences about digestion, using words from the list. You may use each word once, more than once or not at all.

acids, amino, amylase, carbohydrates, duodenum, fatty, fats, gall, glycerol, hydrochloric, ileum, ingestion, large, mucus, esophagus, pancreas, proteins, small, starch, trachea, urinary.

The teeth, lips and tongue help to take food into the mouth. This is called _____. The food is mixed with saliva from the salivary glands. Saliva contains the enzyme _____, which digests _____, to the sugar, maltose. Saliva also contains _____, which lubricates the chewed food making it easy to swallow.
The food travels down the _____ to the stomach. Here, _____ acid is secreted, which provides ideal conditions for the enzyme pepsin to work. Pepsin is a protease, and begins the digestion of_____.
After leaving the stomach, the food enters the_____, which is the first part of the_____ intestine. Here, juices from the_____ and_____ bladder flow in. They contain amylase, protease and lipase. Lipase digests fats to_____ _____ and _____.

HARD

Upper Secondary: IGCSE

IMPORTANT

Cambridge IGCSE® Biology Coursebook Third Edition>Chapter 7 - Animal Nutrition>End-of-chapter questions>Q 5