The figure below shows the inside of an electric kettle.

Draw arrows on the diagram to show the directions in which the water moves as it heats up.

Modern office buildings use large amounts of glass to make the room more brightly lit. The glass has a special coating so that the outer surface is shiny but still allows visible light through the glass.

A room with a large amount of glass can get very hot. What is the process by which heat enters the room?

Modern office buildings use large amounts of glass to make the room more brightly lit. The glass has a special coating so that the outer surface is shiny but still allows visible light through the glass.

State the source of this thermal energy.

Modern office buildings use large amounts of glass to make the room more brightly lit. The glass has a special coating so that the outer surface is shiny but still allows visible light through the glass.

Explain why the outer surface of modern office glass has a special coating.

The figure below shows a pan used for cooking.

Explain the three labelled features of the pan in terms of how they affect thermal energy transfer.

In hot weather, your skin sweats. It produces water that rests on the surface of your skin.

Use your knowledge of heat transfers to explain why sweating helps your body to cool down.

In hot weather, your skin sweats. It produces water that rests on the surface of your skin.

If you direct a stream of air over your skin, it can help your body to cool further still. Explain why this happens.

The diagram below shows a cross-section through a vacuum flask.

Use this phrase list to complete the labels in the diagram.
Gap (vacuum) between surfaces
Thick plastic stopper
Shiny metal wall
Plastic supports

Use the phrase list to add the main reason each label part in the diagram is used. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

To reduce radiation
To reduce conduction
To reduce convection