Name: Cell Organelles: Mitochondria, Plastids and Vacuoles
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 2 min 11 s
Description: The cellular components are called cell organelles which may be membrane and non-membrane bound. Let's explore this video to study some cell organelles.

Question

The following diagrams represent cells from cheek lining and a plant. Label the parts against the indicated alphabets/numbers:

Accepted Answer

Diagram: A Cheek Lining

There are several cell organelles that are common to both plant and animal cells. These organelles play fundamental roles in the structure and function of eukaryotic cells. Here are some of the organelles that are shared by both types of cells:

Cell Membrane: The cell membrane is the outermost boundary of the cell. It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Nucleus: Nucleus is the chief controlling centre of the cell. It contains chromosomes which carry the genes. The genes are responsible for transmission of hereditary characters from one generation to another.

Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm is the semi-fluid matrix that fills the cell. It contains various organelles and supports their functions.

Vacuoles are commonly associated with plant cells, they can also be found in animal cells, although they are typically smaller and less prominent compared to plant cells.

The cell wall is a distinctive feature of plant cells and is not typically found in animal cells. The primary component of the cell wall in plant cells is cellulose. Cell wall provides strength and rigidity to the cell wall.

Plastids are the largest cytoplasmic organelles found only in plant cells and photosynthetic microorganisms. These are readily visible under a light microscope. On the basis of pigments present in plastids, these are of three types:

(a) Leucoplasts (colourless plastids). They store starch.

(b) Chloroplasts (green plastids). Chloroplasts are the green plastids that contain chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis.

(c) Chromoplasts (coloured plastids, other than green). They can be orange, yellow or red. They possess xanthophyll, carotene and anthocyanin.

The following diagrams represent cells from cheek lining and a plant. Label the parts against the indicated alphabets/numbers:

Important Questions on The Cell

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