The following plots represent the body size distributions of a fruit fly population. Dashed lines represent the ancestral distributions and continuous lines represent the distributions after a few generations. If the larger individuals have better survival as well as higher reproductive rates, which diagram below best represents the expected change in the distribution of body size ($X$-axis represents body size while Y-axis represents frequency) 

In the following equation of Verhulst - Pearl logistic growth, the letter $\text{'}\mathrm{r}\text{'}$ denotes ___ .

$\frac{\mathrm{dN}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\mathrm{rN}\left(\frac{\mathrm{K}-\mathrm{N}}{\mathrm{K}}\right)$

The shape of the pyramids reflects the growth status of the population. Identify the type of age pyramid represented below for human population.

Read the following data carefully

Imagine the lion population grows logistically where the carrying capacity is $800.$ Then the per capita birth rate$\left(\mathrm{b}\right)$, per capita death rate$\left(\mathrm{d}\right)$, intrinsic rate of natural increase$\left(\mathrm{r}\right)$, increase or decrease in population during the unit time period $\left(\frac{dN}{dt}\right)$ are respectively