The position of three elements $\mathrm{X},\mathrm{Y}$ and $\mathrm{Z}$ in the periodic table is shown below.

Group 1	Group 2
-	-
$\mathrm{X}$	-
-	-
$\mathrm{Y}$	$\mathrm{Z}$

(i) Which type of ion-cation or anion, will be formed by an element $\mathrm{X}$?

(ii) Which element $\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{}$or $\mathrm{Z}$, has the atom of comparatively larger size? Give a reason for each case.

Newland gave the law of octaves. The following questions are based on this law.
(i) How many elements were known at the time of Newland?

(ii) If one considered nitrogen as the first member of Newland’s octaves, then which element is present at the eighth position from it?

(iii) “Newland adjusted two dissimilar elements under the same slot”. Comment on this statement.