Match the parts in Column A with the flowers or parts of flower in Column B. Column A Column B (a) Polyadelphous (i) Polypetalous (b) Pollen grains (ii) Calyx, corolla (c) Free petals (iii) Nectar (d) Non-essential (iv) Bombax (e) Sweet fragrant fluid (v) Pollen sac

(a)-(iv) A bisexual flower contains both reproductive parts called the androecium and gynoecium. The group of stamens together called the androecium. The stamens may be free or united together. The union of the members of the same whorl of a flower is known as cohesion. Each stamen consists of anthers and filament . Union of stamens can be in a single group or can be in two or more groups. This can be represented as follows: Bombax shows polyadelphous type of arrangement of stamens. (b)-(v) The stamen is a male reproductive part of flowers. It consists of anthers and filaments. Each anther is a bilobed structure with each lobe contains two sac-like structure. These sac-like structures contains small, rounded, and microscopic structures called the pollen grains. These sac-like structures with microspores are called pollen sacs or micro sporangium. (c)-(i) A complete flower consists of four whorls named as calyx , corolla , androecium , and gynoecium . Calyx: The term collectively used for the sepals. Corolla: The term collectively used for petals. Androecium: The term collectively used for stamens. Gynoecium: The term collectively used for carpels. The units of each whorl can be united together or can be separated from each other in the individual flower belongs to different species. The term poly is used for the many and the term gamo , syn , or sym is used for united as one. The given table shows the suitable term which describes the arrangement of floral units: Whorls of flower Units United Separated 1. Calyx Sepals Gamosepalous Polysepalous 2. Corolla Petals Gamopetalous Polypetalous 3. Androecium Stamens Synandrous/ Gynandrous Polyandrous 4. Gynoecium Carpels Syncarpous Polycorpous (d)-(ii) A complete flower consists of calyx (collective term for units of sepals), corolla (collective term for the units of sepals), androecium (a collective term for all the stamens), and gynoecium or pistil. The calyx and corolla are described as accessory whorls because they serve secondary functions like protection of flower and attraction of insects for pollination. The androecium and gynoecium are said to be the necessary whorls because they are meant for sexual reproduction in plants. As a whole, the flower consists of four whorls. (e)-(iii) The nectaries are the glandular structure found in the flowers and leaves which produce a sugary fluid called the nectar. The nectar attracts the pollinator birds, insects, and other animals for pollination to initiate sexual reproduction. The nectaries are usually located on the base of the pistil or petals on the flower receptacle. These structures are prominent in Nasturtium and are formed by the modification of sepals.

E M B I B E

Concise Biology Part - 1>Chapter 6 - The Flower>PROGRESS CHECK>Q 1

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9th ICSE

IMPORTANT

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The prefix "gamo" is used whenever any of the floral whorls are fused.

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Important Questions on The Flower

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Concise Biology Part - 1>Chapter 6 - The Flower>PROGRESS CHECK>Q 1

Stigma may be simple or divided into two or more lobes.

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Concise Biology Part - 1>Chapter 6 - The Flower>PROGRESS CHECK>Q 1

Papaya is a monoecious plant.

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Concise Biology Part - 1>Chapter 6 - The Flower>REVIEW QUESTIONS>Q A

Bougainvillea flower is an example of

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Concise Biology Part - 1>Chapter 6 - The Flower>REVIEW QUESTIONS>Q B

Match the parts in Column A with the flowers or parts of flower in Column B.

Column A	Column B
(a) Polyadelphous	(i) Polypetalous
(b) Pollen grains	(ii) Calyx, corolla
(c) Free petals	(iii) Nectar
(d) Non-essential	(iv) Bombax
(e) Sweet fragrant fluid	(v) Pollen sac