Write two differences between ideal and non-ideal solutions.

Ideal solutions : An ideal solution is the solution which obeys Raoult's law perfectly over entire range of concentration and temperature and during its formation there is no change in its enthalpy and volume. Such solutions are formed by mixing the two components which are identical in molecular size, in structure and have almost identical intermolecualr forces. Examples of ideal solution:- Chlorobenzene and bromobenzene; Benzene and toluene; Ethyl bromide and ethyl iodide. Non-ideal solutions : Those solutions which do not obey Rault's law are called non-ideal solutions. Non ideal solutions are formed when the components differ much in their structures and polarities. Non ideal solutions show either positive or negative deviations from Rault's law. Examples of non-ideal solution :- Ethanol and cyclohexane; Acetone and benzene; Water and methanol.

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 17

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The vapour pressure of a solvent decreases by $10 mm$ of mercury when a non-volatile solute was added to the solvent. The mole fraction of the solute in the solution is $0.2 .$ What should be the mole fraction of the solvent if the decrease in vapour pressure is to be $20 mm$ of mercury?

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Important Questions on Solutions

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12th West Bengal Board

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 18

An aqueous solution freezes at

- 0.186 ° C (K_{f} = 1.86 °; K_{b} = 0.512 °) .

What is the elevation in boiling point?

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 19

The Van't Hoff factor for

0.1 M Ba {({NO}_{3})}_{2}

solution is

2.74 .

The degree of dissociation is

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 20

If

m

is the normal molecular weight and

x

is the degree of dissociation of

K_{4} [Fe (CN)_{6}]

then the abnormal molecular weight in the solution of salt will be

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 21

Which of the following units is useful in relating concentration of solution with its vapour pressure?

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 22

On dissolving sugar in water at room temperature, solution feels cool to touch. Under which of the following cases dissolution of sugar will be most rapid?

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 23

At equilibrium, the rate of dissolution of a solid solute in a volatile liquid solvent is

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 24

A beaker contains a solution of substance 'A'. Precipitation of substance 'A' takes place when small amount of 'A' is added to the solution. The solution is

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NEW SYSTEMATIC MODERN CHEMISTRY>Chapter 2 - Solutions>REVIEW EXERCISES>Q 25

Maximum amount of a solid solute that can be dissolved in a specified amount of a given liquid solvent does not depend upon