
This image captures the spirit of South Africa today. South Africans call themselves a rainbow nation.
Can you guess why?

Can you guess why?


Important Questions on Constitutional Design
Does the story of South African struggle for freedom remind you of the Indian National Movement? Make a list of similarities and dissimilarities between the two on the following points:
1. Nature of colonialism
2. Relationship between different communities
3. Leadership: Gandhi/ Mandela
4. Party that led the struggle: African National Congress/ Indian National Congress
5. Method of struggle


Answer the following questions:
- Name the assembly members who were not with Congress while drafting the Indian Constitution.
- Name the members of the assembly from different social groups while drafting the Indian Constitution.
- Name the members of the assembly that believed in different ideologies while drafting the Indian Constitution.

Compare the preamble to the Constitution of the United States of America, India and South Africa and answer the following questions.
(a) Make a list of ideas that are common to all these three
(b) Note down at least one of the major differences among these

Compare the preambles to the constitutions of the United States of America, India and South Africa.
(c) Which of the three makes a reference to the past?
(d) Which of these does not invoke God?

Identify the mistake in these statements and rewrite them correctly based on what you have read in the chapter of 'Constitutional Design.'
- The leader of the freedom movement had an open mind about whether the country should be democratic or not after independence.
- Members of the Constituent Assembly of India held the same views on all provisions of the Constitution.
- A country that has a constitution must be a democracy.
- The constitution cannot be amended because it is the supreme law of a country.


