A radical is an atom of an element or a group of atoms of different elements that behaves as a single unit with a positive or negative charge on it. They are two types namely acidic radical and basic radical. Example for acidic radical: Cl - , OH - , O 2 - , etc. Example for basic radical: Na + , Mg 2 + , NH 4 + , etc .

Match the following:- Column I Column II (Elements) (Symbol) (i) Acidic Radicals K + , Na + (ii) Basic Radicals Fe 2 + , Fe 3 + (iii) Monovalent Radicals CO 3 2 - , SO 4 2 - (iv) Variable Valency Cl - , K + (v) Tetravalent elements Pb 4 + , Pt 4 +

Acidic Radicals and Basic Radicals :- Negatively charged radicals are called acidic radicals . Positively charged radicals are called basic radicals . Acid radicals are formed by the removal of hydrogen ion ( H + ) . Basic radicals are formed by the removal of hydroxide ion ( OH - ) . Monovalent Radical:- A radical formally derived by the removal of one hydrogen atom from any position of any other parent hydride, is named by adding the suffix "-yl" to the name of the parent hydride, eliding the final "e" of the name of the parent hydride. Variable valency :- This property is called as variable valency. Some elements show variable valency because of the different electronic configurations. An atom of an element can sometimes lose more electrons than are present in its valence shell i.e. loss from the penultimate shell and hence exhibit more than 1 or variable valency. Tetravalent elements are those elements which have a valency of four i.e. have four electrons in the outermost shell. Examples are the elements belonging to group 14 like carbon , silicon , germanium etc. The symbol of radicals are - Column I Column II (Elements) (Symbol) (i) Acidic Radicals CO 3 2 - , SO 4 2 - (ii) Basic Radicals K + , Na + (iii) Monovalent Radicals Cl - , K + (iv) Variable Valency Fe 2 + , Fe 3 + (v) Tetravalent elements Pb 4 + , Pt 4 +

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What are ions? How are positive and negative ions named?

Important Questions on Language of Chemistry

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Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

The valency of aluminium is

3

. Write the valency of other radical present in aluminium oxide.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Give the symbol and valency of the chloride radical.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Define the following.

Radical

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Write the symbols and valencies of the following radicals:

Magnesium ion.

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Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Define radical.

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Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Atomic numbers of elements

A, B, C,

and

D

are

8, 12, 13,

and

9

respectively. State the type of ions they form.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Give the symbol and valency of the nitrate radical.

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Write the valency of the following radicals and represent them by a putting a positive or a negative sign.

${CO}_{3}, {SO}_{4}, Cl, {PO}_{4}, Al, Na, Ca, Mg .$

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Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Give the symbol and valency of the hydroxide radical.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

The symbol for Nitrate ion is

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Write the symbols and valencies of the following radicals:

Bisulphate.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Give the symbol and valency of the carbonate radical.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Cations are called _____ radicals and anions are called _____ radicals.

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

The valency of aluminium is

3

. Write the valency of other radical present in aluminium nitride.

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Fill in the symbol & ion [symbol with valency]

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EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Give the symbol and valency of the ammonium radical.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

The valency of nitrate radical is

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Removal or addition of electrons into the atom leads to the formation of ions.

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Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Match the following:-

	Column I	Column II
	(Elements)	(Symbol)
(i)	Acidic Radicals	$K^{+}, {Na}^{+}$
(ii)	Basic Radicals	${Fe}^{2 +}, {Fe}^{3 +}$
(iii)	Monovalent Radicals	${CO}_{3}^{2 -}, {SO}_{4}^{2 -}$
(iv)	Variable Valency	${Cl}^{-}, K^{+}$
(v)	Tetravalent elements	${Pb}^{4 +}, {Pt}^{4 +}$

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Language of Chemistry>Symbols of radicals and their valency

Write the symbols and valencies of the following compounds:

Aluminium ion.

What are ions? How are positive and negative ions named?

Important Questions on Language of Chemistry

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