The word environment exactly means the surroundings of an organism. In other terms, there exists a mutual intercommunication between every organism and its environment and every organism gets accommodated to its environmental conditions, grows and reproduce. The sum of all the external conditions and influences both abiotic and biotic affecting the life and progress of an organism in its natural habitat is defined as the environment. Hence, the correct answer is the environment.

The parts of the earth the different strata of air, soil and water, where living organisms survive of live together with the abiotic component is called the biosphere, and it is a global ecosystem comprised of both biotic and the abiotic(non-living) factors from which they obtain energy and nutrients

The total number of organisms in a particular area is called a biome, and it is a large area of land that is categorised based on the climate, plants and animals that build their homes there. Biomes include many ecosystems within the same area and mainly there are two types of biomes present they are terrestrial biomes, aquatic biomes. For example tropical rain forest ecosystem.

Amensalism is a population interaction between two species in which one species gets harmed and another one remains unaffected, and it involves some type of chemicals interaction by which the organisms of one species affect the well-being and growth of individuals or the population biology of others. The chemicals released by one species that act on the growth, health, and behaviour of another species, are called allelochemicals.