A person suffered from high fever, weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache and loss of appetite. Name the probable disease and which type of microorganism is responsible for this disease? What is the main source of infection of this disease?

High fever, weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache, and loss of appetite are the symptoms of typhoid fever. In serious cases, intestinal perforation and death may occur. It is caused by a gram-negative bacterium, Salmonella typhi . It infects the intestinal tract and the blood of organisms. It enters the small intestine through contaminated water and food. Then, it migrates to the other organs of the body through blood.

A student on a field trip suddenly felt breathlessness and started to sneeze very badly. Name this response and explain what it is due to.

The response in the given situation is allergy. Any exaggerated response to allergens (food, pollens, dust, or any foreign substance which was not otherwise harmful) is called allergy. In this, the body produces antibodies (I g E) against allergens. Allergy may be due to the release of some chemicals like histamine and serotonin from the mast cells. A person may feel inflammation, breathlessness, sneezing, headache, itching, etc.

How do cytokine barriers provide innate immunity in humans?

Cytokines are a broad range of peptides or glycoproteins that act as signalling molecules produced by immune cells of our body. These play a vital role in the innate immune response by directing mechanisms against invading pathogens (inhibit viral replication). Cytokines also activate macrophages and Natural Killer (NK) cells to produce more cytokines.

Name two diseases whose spread can be controlled by the eradication Aedes mosquito.

Dengue fever and Chikungunya are two diseases that can be controlled by the eradication of Aedes mosquito. A certain species of this mosquito called Aedes aegypti is the vector of viruses that can cause chikungunya and dengue.

E M B I B E

Biology Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - Human Health and Disease>Exercise>Q 54

HARD

12th Goa Board

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

What are physiological barriers? List any two physiological barriers of defence mechanism.

Important Questions on Human Health and Disease

HARD

12th Goa Board

IMPORTANT

Biology Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - Human Health and Disease>Exercise>Q 55

How has fungus Trichoderma polysporum proved to be very essential to organ transplant patients?

MEDIUM

12th Goa Board

IMPORTANT

Biology Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - Human Health and Disease>Exercise>Q 56

It is generally observed that the children who had suffered from chicken-pox in their childhood may not contract the same disease in their adulthood. Explain giving the reason the basis of such immunity in an individual. Name this kind of immunity.

EASY

12th Goa Board

IMPORTANT

Biology Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - Human Health and Disease>Exercise>Q 57

Thymus of a newborn child was degenerating right from birth due to a genetic disorder. Predict its two impacts on the health of the child.

MEDIUM

12th Goa Board

IMPORTANT

Biology Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - Human Health and Disease>Exercise>Q 58

Name an allergen and write the response of the human body when exposed to it.

EASY

12th Goa Board