Observe this figure and answer the questions given below: Name the part labelled as ‘1’. Name the heredity material of this virus. The person infected by this virus is attacked by various diseases.’ Explain.

1. Enzyme: An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered in the process. The enzyme present in the virus is called reverse transcriptase. Reverse transcriptase (RT) is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into DNA. 2. RNA: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a molecule similar to DNA. Unlike DNA, RNA is single-stranded. Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a biological macromolecule that carries hereditary information in many organisms. 3. The virus shown in the above figure is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) virus HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system. The immune system fights infections and diseases in a person's body. Over time, HIV weakens a person's immune system, so the body becomes susceptible to diseases.

Match the name of the scientist given under column 'A' with the organism or the product was given under column. Column 'A' Column 'B' 1. Leeuwenhoek (a) phagocytes 2. Elic Metchnikoff (b) microscope 3. Louis Pasteur (c) penicillin 4. Alexander Fleming (d) antiseptic 5. Edward Jenner (e) pasteurisation

1 - b Leeuwenhoek discovered the first microscope. He was the first one to view bacteria and protozoa. 2-a Elic discovered bacteriophages and named them phagocytes This means bacteria eater. It is a virus that lives and attacks on bacteria. 3 - e Pateurisation is the process of heating the packaged or non-packaged food to kill the germs. It is the method of food preservation. Louis Pasteur was the discoverer of this technique. 4 - c Penicillin is an antibiotic discovered by Alexendar Fleming. He found that this kills germs. It was the first antibiotic to be discovered. 5 - d Antiseptics kill or slows the growth of micro-organisms. It prevents diseases. Column 'A' Column 'B' 1. Leeuwenhoek (b) microscope 2. Elic Metchnikoff (a) phagocytes 3. Louis Pasteur (e) pasteurisation 4. Alexander Fleming (c) penicillin 5. Edward Jenner (d) antiseptic

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What are used to magnify objects?

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Important Questions on Organisms and Habitat

HARD

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Observe this figure and answer the questions given below:

Question Image

Name the part labelled as ‘1’.
Name the heredity material of this virus.
The person infected by this virus is attacked by various diseases.’ Explain.

HARD

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

What is a specimen? How does a coverslip help in making a slide? Write the basic steps for using a microscope.

EASY

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Microorganisms can be seen with help of a_____.

MEDIUM

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

A microscope is a useful optical device, as everyone agrees. It has a_____. (magnifier/concave lens)

EASY

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Bacteria can be seen with the help of a _____.

MEDIUM

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Select the source of illumination in an electron microscope: (Beam of protons/Beam of electrons)

EASY

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Match the name of the scientist given under column 'A' with the organism or the product was given under column.

	Column 'A'		Column 'B'
1.	Leeuwenhoek	(a)	phagocytes
2.	Elic Metchnikoff	(b)	microscope
3.	Louis Pasteur	(c)	penicillin
4.	Alexander Fleming	(d)	antiseptic
5.	Edward Jenner	(e)	pasteurisation

MEDIUM

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Why are plant and animal specimens usually stained with dyes before observing them through a microscope? Name one stain (or dye) used for this purpose.

MEDIUM

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

What is a microscope? List the main parts of a compound microscope.

EASY

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Microorganism can be seen with the help of a _____.

EASY

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

We study microbes with the help of a

EASY

Science>Biology>Organisms and Habitat>Life under Microscope

Name the instrument (or device) which is needed to see the microorganisms. (Microscope/ Telescope)