Write the chemical equation for the following reaction: Hoffman bromamide

When an amide is treated with bromine in an aqueous or ethanoic solution of sodium hydroxide, degradation of amide takes place leading to the formation of primary amine. This reaction involving degradation of amide and is popularly known as Hoffman bromamide degradation reaction. The primary amine thus formed contains one carbon less than the number of carbon atoms in that amide. The equation for the reaction is: R - CONH 2 + 4 NaOH + Br 2 → R - NH 2 + Na 2 CO 3 + 2 NaBr + 2 H 2 O

Write chemical equations for the following reactions: Sandmeyer reaction

Sandmeyer reaction: It is used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts. It is an example of a radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution. When a primary aromatic amine is dissolved or suspended in cold aqueous mineral acid, and then treated with sodium nitrite, a diazonium salt is formed. Mixing the solution of freshly prepared diazonium salt with cuprous chloride or cuprous bromide results in the replacement of the diazonium group by − Cl or − Br . The equation for the chemical reaction is: C 6 H 5 − NH 2 → 273 − 278 K NaNO 2 + HX C 6 H 5 − N = N + X − → CuX C 6 H 5 X .

Explain why it is difficult to prepare pure amine by ammonolysis of alkyl halide.

When alkyl halides are treated with aqueous or alcoholic solution of ammonia in a sealed tube, a mixture of amines are formed. This reaction is called ammonolysis. In this method, it is difficult to prepare pure amines because a mixture of amines are formed which is difficult of separate. In this method, firstly primary amines are formed, which further react with ammonia molecule and form secondary amines and so on.

Explain why silver chloride dissolves in methyl amine solution.

Silver chloride dissolves in methyl amine because of the formation of a coordination complex which is highly polar in nature. The equation for the chemical reaction is: AgCl + 2 CH 3 NH 2 → Ag CH 3 NH 2 2 + Cl

Explain the reason why aniline is a weaker base than cyclohexyl amine.

Cyclohexyl amine is a stronger base than aniline because in aniline electron pair is involved in conjugation, which makes the electron pair unavailable, whereas in cyclohexyl amine, the amine group is outside the ring and there is no resonance in the ring, thereby the lone pair present on the nitrogen is freely available, resulting in a stronger base. Hence, aniline is a weaker base than cyclohexyl amine. Read more on Sarthaks.com - https://www.sarthaks.com/199278/give-reasons-i-aniline-is-a-weaker-base-than-cyclohexyl-amine

Complete the following reaction: R - NO 2 + H → Sn / HCl _____ + _____

When alkyl nitriles reacts with hydrogen in the presence of tin and hydrogen chloride, reduction process takes place, and primary amines are formed. The equation for the reaction is: R - NO 2 + 6 H → Sn / HCl R - NH 2 + 2 H 2 O

Complete the following reaction: R - CONH 2 + Br 2 + 4 KOH → ____ + ____ + ____ + ____

Amide compounds reacts with bromine in the presence of potassium hydroxide to form primary amines. This reaction is called as Hoffman broamide reaction. The equation for the chemical reaction is: R - CONH 2 + Br 2 + 4 KOH → R - NH 2 + 2 KBr + K 2 CO 3 + 2 H 2 O

Complete the following reaction: R - CN + 4 H → LiAlH 4 _____

Alkyl cyanides reacts with hydrogen in the presence of platinum or lithium aluminium hydride and undergoes reduction process to form primary amines. The equation for the chemical reaction is: R - CN + 4 H → Pt / LiAlH 4 R - NH 2

E M B I B E

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR CHEMISTRY>Chapter -1 - Amines>Madhya Pradesh Board-2020>Q 16

MEDIUM

12th Madhya Pradesh Board

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What happens when aniline reacts with bromine water in aqueous medium?

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