Name: Amplification Using PCR
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 40 s
Description: Larger the sample size, the larger the possibilities! What if we were able to create a million copies of DNA? Wouldn't the genomic mysteries be brought to li...

Question

What is a plasmid? Write briefly on the main aims of biotechnology.

Accepted Answer

The plasmid is a self-replicating, small circular DNA molecule present within the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell and certain eukaryotic unicellular organisms like yeasts. It is a small extrachromosomal DNA molecule that is found separately from the chromosomal DNA. Plasmids have an origin of replication, enabling them to carry out independent replication from the chromosomal DNA. These DNAs also have antibiotic resistance genes that are used as selectable markers in genetic engineering.

Biotechnology is a broad area of biology that deals with using live organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to human beings. Given below are some aims of biotechnology.

It is a very useful field, which helps in the production of antibiotics, enzymes, hormones (like insulin), etc.

A process developed in biotechnology called gene therapy, which helps modify a person's genes to treat or cure disease.

It helps in the improvement of the varieties of plants and animals through genetic engineering and plant breeding.

It is useful to develop techniques for tissue culture, cell culture and organ transplantation.

It helps in developing biological processes of waste treatment to reduce the impact of pollution.

What is a plasmid? Write briefly on the main aims of biotechnology.

Important Questions on Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

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