Give a diagrammatic representation of energy flow through different trophic levels.

Each level of the food chain where the energy transfer takes place is called a trophic level. In the given figure, energy transfer is shown in the form of a pyramid. This food chain has Grass (autotrophs) → Grasshopper (primary consumer) →Frog (secondary consumers) → Snake (tertiary consumers) → Hawk (last consumer).

Explain energy flow in ecosystem.

Energy flow is the amount of energy that moves through a food chain. According to Ten percentage law, when energy is passed in an ecosystem from one trophic level to the next, only ten percent of the energy will be passed and around 70-80% of energy is lost as heat.

What is primary production?

The process which helps the plants make their own food (photosynthesis) for their growth and development is known as primary production. It results in the production of organic compounds by the autotrophs that are the primary producers in the ecosystem.

Give a diagrammatic representation of trophic levels in an ecosystem.

Figure: The trophic levels of the ecosystem The feeding positions in a food chain or web are called trophic levels. All food chains and webs have at least two or three trophic levels. Generally, there are a maximum of four trophic levels.

Describe different components of the ecosystem in brief.

An ecosystem can be categorised into its abiotic constituents, including minerals, climate, soil, water, sunlight, and all other nonliving elements, and its biotic constituents, consisting of all its living members such as the microbes, plants and animals.

The ecosystem is the functional unit of nature in which living organisms interact with each other as well as their surrounding physical environment. The interdependence of biotic and abiotic factors is exhibited in an ecosystem.