Leavening is the process of adding a substance like yeast or other ingredients such as various fats or flavourings in the dough and kept it for a period of time for better texture. It enables the dough to rise and expand. The process of leavening makes the dough fluffy and soft. The agents that are used in the process of leavening are known as leavening agents. It includes steam, yeast, baking powder, and baking soda. These agents aid in the release of gases within such mixtures that produces baked products with porous structure.

Statins are the substance that helps in the reduction of cholesterol in the body. They are produced by the microorganism yeast Monascus purpureus. It works as inhibiting the enzymes that is responsible for the production of cholesterol. They are also used as blood cholesterol lowering agents.