Complete the following equation: NaHCO 3 → heat

2 NaHCO 3 → heat Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 Sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide are formed on heating sodium hydrogen carbonate. Note: Baking powder is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid. Sodium carbonate (base) formed, on heating sodium bicarbonate, is neutralised by tartaric acid, otherwise, it will give a bitter taste. The reaction between sodium carbonate and this acid results in the formation of carbon dioxide, water, and sodium tartrate. This reaction helps in neutralising the basic sodium carbonate, preventing the bitter taste in food products. The carbon dioxide produced may also contribute to the leavening effect on certain baked goods, making them rise. This is a common process in baking, where baking soda and an acidic ingredient are used together to leaven the dough or batter.

Complete the following equation: CaSO 4 ⋅ 2 H 2 O → 373 K heat

CaSO 4 ⋅ 2 H 2 O → 373 K heat CaSO 4 ⋅ 1 2 H 2 O + 1 1 2 H 2 O Plaster of Paris is prepared by the controlled heating of gypsum at 373 K. On heating, it loses water molecules and forms plaster of Paris.

Complete the following equation: Na 2 CO 3 ⋅ 10 H 2 O → air

Na 2 CO 3 ⋅ 10 H 2 O → air Na 2 CO 3 ⋅ H 2 O + 9 H 2 O When washing soda is kept open in air, it loses its water molecules in a process called efflorescence. During the process of efflorescence sodium carbonate decahydrate loses nine molecules of water to give sodium carbonate monohydrate.

Complete the following equation: CuSO 4 ⋅ 5 H 2 O → heat

CuSO 4 ⋅ 5 H 2 O Blue ⇌ 230 ° C CuSO 4 White + 5 H 2 O The blue crystals of hydrated copper sulphate ( CuSO 4 · 5 H 2 O ) contain water of crystallisation and on heating, these crystals lose water and become white. This lost water can be seen in the form of droplets on the inner upper side of the test tube. CuSO 4 ⋅ 5 H 2 O ( Blue ) → ∆ CuSO 4 ( White ) + 5 H 2 O On adding a few drops of water to the white powder of anhydrous copper sulphate, the blue crystals of hydrated copper sulphate can be reformed.

What is neutralisation reaction? Give two examples.

A neutralization reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which an acid and base quantitatively react together to form salt and water as products. Examples: Sodium hydroxide is added to hydrochloric acid. Sodium chloride and water are formed. HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H 2 O Milk of magnesia, which is a base, is given as an antacid in the case of indigestion, to neutralize the more acid produced in the stomach. Mg ( OH ) 2 + 2 HCl → MgCl 2 + 2 H 2 O