In plants, sometimes haploid gametes fail to unite and directly from spore-like structures called parthenospore or zygospore. Parthenospore formed is haploid in nature. No gametic union takes place here. These germinate into the new individual plant without undergoing meiosis. This process of formation of a new individual from it(i.e. parthenogenesis) is noticed in Spirogyra, Mucor, Volvox, etc.
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In animals: In animals’ parthenogenesis is known only in invertebrates e.g., ants, bees, aphids, rotifers, etc. Here new animals are produced from the unfertilised eggs of the females.
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