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What is the nuclear equation for the decay of carbon- $14$ ?

Important Questions on Structure of Atoms and Nuclei

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

The decay of proton to neutron is possible only inside the nucleus. Why?

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

What is the basic nuclear process underlying

β^{-}

decay? Write the nuclear reaction of the

{}_{83}^{210}{Bi}

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

What is the basic nuclear process underlying

β^{-}

decay? Write the nuclear reaction of th

{}_{6}^{11}C

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Identify the decay processes represented by the following nuclear reaction:

${}_{15}^{32}P \to {}_{16}^{32}S + \bar{e} + \bar{ν}$

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Write any three properties of $β -$ rays.

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Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Which is the $β -$ ray emitted from a radioactive element?

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Write the magnitude of charge present on Beta particle.

HARD

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

An accident in a nuclear laboratory resulted in deposition of a certain amount of radioactive material of half-life

18

days inside the laboratory. Tests revealed that the radiation was

64

times more than the permissible level required for safe operation of the laboratory. What is the minimum number of days after which the laboratory can be considered safe for use?

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Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

The beta particles of a radioactive metal originate from-

EASY

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Write one balanced equation of Emission of

β^{-}

(i.e., a negative particle).

HARD

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Carbon $- 11$ decays to boron $- 11$ according to the following formula: ${}_{6}^{11}C \to {}_{5}^{11}B + e^{+} + v_{e} + 0.96 MeV$ .
Assume that positrons $(e^{+})$ produced in the decay combines with free electrons in the atmosphere and annihilate each other almost immediately. Also, assume that the neutrinos $(v_{e})$ are massless and do not interact with the environment. At $t = 0$ , we have $1 μg$ of ${}_{6}^{12}C$ . If the half-life of the decay process is $t_{0}$ , the net energy produced between time, $t = 0$ and $t = 2 t_{0}$ will be nearly,

HARD

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Originally the radioactive beta decay was thought as a decay of a nucleus with the emission of electrons only (Case I) . However, in addition to the electron, another (nearly) massless and electrically neutral particle is also emitted (Case II). Based on the figure below, which of the following is correct?

Question Image

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

In the following nuclear reaction,

D \overset{α}{\to} D_{1} \overset{β^{-}}{\to} D_{2} \overset{α}{\to} D_{3} \overset{γ}{\to} D_{4}

Mass number of

D

182

and atomic number is

74

. Mass number and atomic number of

D_{4}

respectively will be

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

In a sphere of

10^{2} m

radius, radioactive material emits

β

-particles at the rate of

5 \times 10^{7} s^{- 1}

. If

40 %

of these emitted

β

-particles escape from the sphere, how long would it take to raise the potential of the sphere from

0 V

16 V

(Take K = 9 \times 10^{9} SI unit)

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

In the given nuclear reaction, the element

X

{}_{11}^{22}{Na} \to X + e^{+} + v

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

In a radioactive decay chain, the initial nucleus is

_{90}^{232} Th

. At the end, there are

6

α

-particles and

4 β

-particles which are emitted. If the end nucleus is

_{Z}^{A} X, A

and

Z

are given by:

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

Using a nuclear counter the count rate of emitted particles from a radioactive source is measured. At

t = 0

it was

1600

counts per second and

t = 8

seconds it was

100

counts per second. The count rate observed, as counts per second, at

t = 6

seconds is close to:

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

β -

rays are-

MEDIUM

Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

β

-decay, the parent and daughter nuclei have the same number of _____.

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Physics>Modern Physics>Structure of Atoms and Nuclei>Radioactivity

A nuclear decay is possible if the mass of the parent nucleus exceeds the total mass of the decay particles. If

M (A, Z)

denotes the mass of a single neutral atom of an element with mass number A and atomic number Z, then the minimal condition that the

β

decay,

X_{Z}^{A} \to Y_{Z + 1}^{A} + β^{-} + \bar{v_{e}}

, will occur is (

m_{e}

denotes the mass of the

β

particle and the neutrino mass

m_{v}

can be neglected):

What is the nuclear equation for the decay of carbon-14?

Important Questions on Structure of Atoms and Nuclei

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What is the nuclear equation for the decay of carbon- $14$ ?