Match the items of Column A with items of Column B. Column A Column B (i) Energy currency (A) Haemoglobin (ii) Powerhouse of the cell (B) Lactic acid (iii) Respiratory pigment (C) ATP (iv) Exchange of gases (D) Mitochondria (v) Muscular cramps (E) Alveoli

(i)-(C) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of the cell as it is the molecule that all living organisms use for energy. (ii)-(D) Mitochondria are called a powerhouse of the cell as the energy required for various life processes is released by it in the form of ATP. (iii)-(A) Haemoglobin is a respiratory pigment as it increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. (iv)-(E) Exchange of gasses takes place in the alveoli of lungs. (v)-(B) Muscular cramps are the result of the accumulation of lactic acid. The anaerobic breakdown of glucose leads to the formation of lactic acid in the muscles. Column A Column B (i) Energy currency (C) ATP (ii) Powerhouse of the cell (D) Mitochondria (iii) Respiratory pigment (A) Haemoglobin (iv) Exchange of gases (E) Alveoli (v) Muscular cramps (B) Lactic acid

Match the columns: A B (i) Glycolysis (a) Fermentation (ii) Human muscles (b) 3-carbon compound (iii) Mitochondria (c) Gills (iv) Yeast (d) Epiglottis (v) Pyruvate (e) Cytoplasm (vi) Fish (f) Lactic acid (vii) Larynx (g) Lungs (viii) Trachea (h) Balloon-like structures (ix) Mammals (i) Cartilage rings (x) Alveoli (j) ATP synthesis

(i)-(e) Glycolysis is the first phase of cellular respiration which involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. This pathway occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. (ii)-(f) Lactic acid gets accumulated in human muscle cells during intense exercise or physical activity. This condition takes place when the oxygen levels drop and the cells undergo anaerobic respiration. (iii)-(j) The mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell since most of the energy production occurs here. The inner mitochondrial membrane is the site for ATP (adenosine triphosphate) synthesis in the cell. (iv)-(a) Yeasts are unicellular fungi that are involved in the process of fermentation. In this process, sugar is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen. (v)-(b) Pyruvate is a 3-carbon compound. It is the end product of glycolysis. In this process, 6-carbon glucose molecule is converted into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules. (vi)-(c) Gills are the respiratory organs in fishes. Gills are branched, feather-like structures present on either side of the head. These are richly supplied with capillaries and facilitate the exchange of gases between the body and the surrounding water. (vii) -(d) Larynx is a hollow tubular structure, also called the voice box. It is a part of the respiratory tract that leads to the trachea. Epiglottis is a flap-like structure present over the opening of the larynx that prevents the entry of food and allows air to pass through the larynx. (viii) -(i) Trachea is a cartilaginous tubular structure, also called the windpipe. The walls of the trachea are supported by 16-20 cartilage rings that prevent it from collapsing. The trachea divides into two air tubes called the bronchi. (ix)-(g) Lungs are the major respiratory organs in mammals. These are a pair of air-filled, spongy structures located in the chest cavity. The actual gaseous exchange occurs in the tiny air sacs called alveoli that are present inside the lungs. (x)-(h) Alveoli are tiny, balloon-like structures that are filled with air. Each alveolus is wrapped with a web of blood capillaries. There are millions of alveoli inside the lungs, and these are the site of gaseous exchange. A B (i) Glycolysis (e) Cytoplasm (ii) Human muscles (f) Lactic acid (iii) Mitochondria (j) ATP synthesis (iv) Yeast (a) Fermentation (v) Pyruvate (b) 3-carbon compound (vi) Fish (c) Gills (vii) Larynx (d) Epiglottis (viii) Trachea (i) Cartilage rings (ix) Mammals (g) Lungs (x) Alveoli (h) Balloon-like structures

EASY

Earn 100

What is your observation on the combustion of sugar activity?

Important Questions on Air and Atmosphere

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Give the full form of ATP.

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

When ATP is converted into ADP it releases

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Describe various pathways of glucose breakdown in organisms.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Because of lack of oxygen in muscle cells, 3 carbon molecule pyruvate is converted into :

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Under what condition lactic acid is produced in the muscle cells?

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Name the energy currency in the living organisms. When and where it is produced?

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

What is produced when ATP is broken? (Write the answer in abbreviated form)

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Describe the breakdown of glucose by various pathways.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

A teacher places a lighted candle on the table in the classroom. He later covers it with a jar.

I. The candle stops burning after some time.
II. Air is required to keep the candle burning.
III. Oxygen is required to keep the candle burning.

Of the above three statements:

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

To get instant energy, what would you select butter or glucose? Justify your answer.

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Very briefly summarize the exchange of gases in tissues.

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

What is the energy currency in living organisms? How is it produced?

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

How are oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in our body during respiration?

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Glycolysis is common to both aerobic as well as anaerobic respiration.

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Internal respiration may be defined as:

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Match the items of Column A with items of Column B.

Column A	Column B
(i) Energy currency	(A) Haemoglobin
(ii) Powerhouse of the cell	(B) Lactic acid
(iii) Respiratory pigment	(C) ATP
(iv) Exchange of gases	(D) Mitochondria
(v) Muscular cramps	(E) Alveoli

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Describe the three pathways of glucose breakdown in living organisms.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Oxygen of the air is utilised for ‘combustion’ & for ‘respiration’. Compare the two with a suitable example.

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

ATP is formed in the cytoplasm.

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Air and Atmosphere>Air and its Components

Match the columns:

A	B
(i) Glycolysis	(a) Fermentation
(ii) Human muscles	(b) 3-carbon compound
(iii) Mitochondria	(c) Gills
(iv) Yeast	(d) Epiglottis
(v) Pyruvate	(e) Cytoplasm
(vi) Fish	(f) Lactic acid
(vii) Larynx	(g) Lungs
(viii) Trachea	(h) Balloon-like structures
(ix) Mammals	(i) Cartilage rings
(x) Alveoli	(j) ATP synthesis

What is your observation on the combustion of sugar activity?

Important Questions on Air and Atmosphere

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