When water enters in roots due to diffusion, it is termed as

Assertion ($\mathrm{A}$): Pea seeds swell more on imbibition than wheat seeds.

Reason ($\mathrm{R}$): Proteins have a high imbibing capacity.

The containers $\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$ have $1$ litre of pure water and $1$ litre of $0.1 \mathrm{M}$ sugar solution, respectively. Which one of the following statements would be correct regarding their water potential $\left(\mathrm{\Psi }\right)$ and osmotic potential $\left(\mathrm{\Psi }s\right)?$

*Note: There were errors in original KVPY papers, and thus the options are modified here.

In "Pressure Flow" hypothesis, sugars are transported from 'source' to 'sink'. The initial steps which occur during this physiological process are shown here.

I. In leaves glucose is converted to sucrose.

II. Sucrose moves from sieve tube cells to companion cells by active transport.

III. Loading of sucrose produces a hypotonic condition in the phloem.

IV. Water in the adjacent xylem moves into phloem by osmosis.

Identify the above correct statements:

The combination of numbered terms that correctly completes all the following statements is

i. Transport through the phloem is __1__ while transport through the xylem is __2__.

ii. Loading of sugars into the phloem is __3__ at the source.

iii. Movement of water out of the phloem at the sink is __4__.

Find correct statements from the following
$\mathrm{A})$ Protein transporters are responsible for maximum rates of transport under saturated state
$\mathrm{B})$ Translocation of substances in bulk flow requires hydrostatic pressure gradient
$\mathrm{C})$ Root pressure plays the greatest contribution for upward movement of water in tall plants
$\mathrm{D})$ Transport proteins of endodermal cells are control points for active transport of ions in two directions

The correct answer is

Assertion (A): In the apoplast pathway, water movement is ultimately symplastic in the endodermis

Reason (R): Root endodermal cells are suberized