What is coagulation? Explain the Hardy and Schulze rules.

Coagulation is a process of aggregating together the colloidal particles into large sized particles which ultimately settles as precipitate. It is generally done by addition of electrolyte. The ion which is responsible for neutralization of charge on the colloidal particle is called the coagulating ion. Hardy and Schulze rule states that greater the valency of oppositely charged ion of the electrolyte being added, faster is the coagulation. The principle is electrostatic forces of attraction. Greater the valency of flocculating ion, greater is the coagulation power.

What are emulsions? Explain different types of emulsions with example.

Emulsions are colloids in which both the dispersed phase and dispersion medium are liquids. There are two basic types of emulsions: Oil in water and water in oil. (i) Oil in water emulsions (O/W): The emulsion in which oil is present as the dispersed phase and water as the dispersion medium (continuous phase) is called an oil in water emulsion. Milk is an example of the oil in water type of emulsion. In milk liquid fat is dispersed in water. (ii) Water in oil emulsion (W/O) : The emulsion in which water forms the dispersed phase, and the oil acts as the dispersion medium is called the water in oil emulsion. These emulsions are also termed oil emulsions. Butter and cold cream are typical examples of these types of emulsions.

Extent of adsorption of adsorbent from solution phase increases with _____.

Decrease in concentration of adorbate

Decrease in surfacearea of adsorbent

E M B I B E

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR CHEMISTRY>Chapter -1 - Surface Chemistry>Gujarat Board-2018>Q 1

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12th Gujarat Board

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Which equation of Langmuir adsorption isotherm will apply at high pressure

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