Name: Preparation of a Haloalkanes
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 5 min 52 s
Description: The haloalkanes are a group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more halogens, and in this video, we will learn about their preparat...

Question

Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?

$(i) {CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2} (ii) {CHCl}_{3} (iii) {CCl}_{4}$

Accepted Answer

$Dipole moment = Charge \times Distance$
$μ = q \times d$
It is a vector quantity.

Dichloromethane ${CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2}$
$μ = 1.60 D$
In ${CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2}$ , the resultant of the dipole moments of two bonds is strengthened by the resultant of the dipole moments of two $C - H$ bonds. As a result, ${CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2}$ has a higher dipole moment of $1.60 D$ than ${CHCl}_{3}$ . ${CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2}$ has the highest dipole moment.

Chloroform ${CHCl}_{3}$
$μ = 1.08 D$
In ${CHCl}_{3}$ , the resultant of dipole moments of two $C - Cl$ bonds is opposed by the resultant of dipole moments of one $C - H$ bond and one $C - Cl$ bond. Since the resultant of one $C - H$ bond and one $C - Cl$ bond dipole moments is smaller than two $C - Cl$ bonds, the opposition is to a small extent and ${CHCl}_{3}$ molecule is asymmetrical. As a result, ${CHCl}_{3}$ has a small dipole moment of $1.08 D$ .

Carbon tetrachloride ${CCl}_{4}$
$μ = 0 D$

${CCl}_{4}$ molecule is symmetrical. Therefore, the dipole moments of all four $C - Cl$ bonds cancel each other. So, its resultant dipole moment is zero.
Hence, the given compounds can be arranged in the increasing order of their dipole moments as:
${CCl}_{4} < {CHCl}_{3} < {CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2} .$

Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?

$(i) {CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2} (ii) {CHCl}_{3} (iii) {CCl}_{4}$

Important Questions on Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Learn and Prepare for any exam you want !

Which of the following has the highest dipole moment? i CH2Cl2 ii CHCl3 iii CCl4

Important Questions on Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Learn and Prepare for any exam you want !

Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?

$(i) {CH}_{2} {Cl}_{2} (ii) {CHCl}_{3} (iii) {CCl}_{4}$