Three different processes that can occur in an ideal monoatomic gas are shown in the P vs V diagram. The paths are labelled as A → B , A → C and A → D . The change in internal energies during these process are taken as E A B , E A C and E A D and the work done as W A B , W A C and W A D . The correct relation between these parameters are:

E A B = E A C = E A D , W A B > 0 , W A C = 0 , W A D < 0

E A B = E A C < E A D , W A B > 0 , W A C = 0 , W A D < 0

E A B < E A C < E A D , W A B > 0 , W A C > W A D

E A B > E A C > E A D , W A B < W A C < W A D

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Which of the following is an equivalent V-T graph corresponding to the thermodynamic cycle given in the figure , where, $1 \to 2$ is adiabatic. (Graphs are schematic and are not to scale)

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Important Questions on Thermodynamics

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

If system

A

is in thermal equilibrium with

B

and

B

is separately in thermal equilibrium with

C,

then

A

and

C

are in thermal equilibrium. From which thermodynamics law, does this follow?

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

Consider the given diagram. An ideal gas is contained in a chamber (left) of volume $V$ and is at an absolute temperature $T .$ It is allowed to rush freely into the right chamber of volume $V$ which is initially vacuum. The whole system is thermally isolated. What will be the final temperature, if the equilibrium has been attained?

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EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

Which of the following statement is incorrect

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Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

One mole of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion in which its volume becomes eight times its initial value. If the initial temperature of the gas is

100 K

and the universal gas constant

R = 8.0 J mo l^{- 1} K^{- 1}

, then how much is the decrease in its internal energy (in

J

) ?

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

The pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas is shown in the figure below. If the density of gas at point $A$ is $ρ_{0}$ , then the density of the gas at point $B$ will be

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HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

A gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a movable frictionless piston. Its initial thermodynamic state at pressure

P_{i} = 10^{5} Pa and volume V_{i} = 10^{- 3} m^{3}

changes to a final state at

P_{f} = (\frac{1}{32}) \times 10^{5} Pa and V_{f} = 8 \times 10^{- 3} m^{3}

in an adiabatic quasi-static process, such that

P^{3} V^{5} =

constant. Consider another thermodynamic process that brings the system from the same initial state to the same final state in two steps: an isobaric expansion at

P_{i}

followed by an isochoric (isovolumetric) process at volumes

V_{f}

. The amount of heat supplied to the system in the two step process is approximately

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

Consider the following thermodynamical variables
(i) Pressure
(ii) Internal Energy
(iii) Volume
(iv) Temperature

Out of these, the intensive variable(s) is (are)

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

A gas obeying the equation of state

P V = R T

undergoes a hypothetical reversible process described by the equation,

P V^{\frac{5}{3}} \exp (- \frac{P V}{E_{0}}) = C_{1}

, where

C_{1}

and

E_{0}

are dimensioned constants. Then, for this process, the thermal compressibility at high temperature

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

A system goes from $A$ to $B$ via two processes $I$ and $II$ shown in the figure. If $Δ U_{1}$ and $Δ U_{2}$ are the changes in internal energies in the processes I and Il respectively

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EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

Pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas at constant volume $V$ is shown by the straight-line $A$ . Now mass of the gas is doubled and the volume is halved then the corresponding pressure versus temperature graph will be shown by the line

Question Image

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

n

moles of an ideal gas undergoes a process

A \to B

as shown in the figure. The maximum temperature of the gas during the process will be:
Question Image

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

Three different processes that can occur in an ideal monoatomic gas are shown in the $P$ vs $V$ diagram. The paths are labelled as $A \to B, A \to C$ and $A \to D$ . The change in internal energies during these process are taken as $E_{A B}, E_{A C}$ and $E_{A D}$ and the work done as $W_{A B}, W_{A C}$ and $W_{A D}$ . The correct relation between these parameters are:

Question Image

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown in the figure (where V is the volume and T is the temperature). Which of the statements below is (are) true?

Question Image

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

The Clausius-Clayperon equation helps to calculate

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

An ideal gas goes through a reversible cycle

a \to b \to c \to d

has the V - T diagram shown below. Process

d \to a a n d b \to c

are adiabatic.

Question Image

The corresponding P - V diagram for the process is (all figures are schematic and not drawn to scale) :

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

One mole of an ideal monatomic gas is taken along the path

A B C A

as shown in the

P - V

diagram. The maximum temperature attained by the gas along the path

B C

is given by:
Question Image

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

Figure below shows two paths that may be taken by a gas to go from a state A to a state C.
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In process AB,

400 J

of heat is added to the system and in process BC,

100 J

of heat is added to the system. The heat absorbed by the system in the process AC will be:

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

A one mole of ideal gas goes through a process in which pressure

P

varies with volume

V

P = 3 - g {(\frac{V}{V_{0}})}^{2}

, where

V_{0}

is a constant. The maximum attainable temperature by the ideal gas during this process is (All quantities are in

SI

units and

R

is gas constant)

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

A balloon is filled at

27 ° C

and

1 atm

pressure by

500 m^{3}

He

. At

- 3 ° C

and

0.5 atm

pressure, the volume of

He

will be

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Basics of Thermodynamics

A closed tank has two compartments A and B, both filled with oxygen (assumed to be ideal gas). The partition separating the two compartments is fixed and is a perfect heat insulator (Figure

1

). If the old partition is replaced by a new partition which can slide and conduct heat but does not allow the gas to leak across (Figure

2

), the volume (in

m^{3}

) of the compartment A after the system attains equilibrium is

\frac{20}{x} m^{3}

. Write the value of

x

Which of the following is an equivalent V-T graph corresponding to the thermodynamic cycle given in the figure , where, 1→2 is adiabatic. (Graphs are schematic and are not to scale)

Important Questions on Thermodynamics

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Which of the following is an equivalent V-T graph corresponding to the thermodynamic cycle given in the figure , where, $1 \to 2$ is adiabatic. (Graphs are schematic and are not to scale)