Alvars were the saints who were devoted to Vishnu. They came into existence from the seventh to ninth centuries and led to the emergence of new religious movements. These groups also included those who were considered “untouchable” , like the Pulaiyar and the Panars. They drew their ideas of heroism and love from the "Sangam literature" and mixed them with the values of bhakti. They were twelve Alvars. Periyalvar, his daughter Andal, Tondaradippodi Alvar, and Nammalvar were the best-known of all. Divya Prabandham is the compilation of the songs of Alvars.

Media like radio and television have access to millions of homes and crores of people. Because of their mass appeal and approach, they are collectively called mass media. Mass media means a variety of media technologies that reach a number of audiences through mass communication. The technologies through which this communication takes place include a variety of outlets.