Why aniline does not undergo Friedel-Craft’s reaction?

The amines are basic due to the presence of lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom. The reagent AlCl 3 is a Lewis acid, and aniline acts as a Lewis base, so aniline reacts with AlCl 3 and forms a salt. In this reaction, the nitrogen atom acquires a positive charge, therefore it acts as a deactivating group towards electrophilic substitution reaction. Because Friedel-Crafts reaction is an electrophilic substitution reaction. Thus, aniline does not undergo a Friedel-Craft reaction. C 6 H 5 - NH 2 Aniline + AlCl 3 → C 6 H 5 NH 2 + AlCl 3 -

Explain carbylamine reaction?

Both aliphatic and aromatic primary amines on heating with chloroform and alcoholic potassium hydroxide gives carbylamines (isocyanides). This reaction is called carbylamine reaction. Carbylamine are offensive-smelling compounds. RNH 2 + CHCl 3 + 3 alc . KOH → heat R - N = → C + 3 KCl + 3 H 2 O Carbylamine reaction is used to detect primary amines since secondary and tertiary amines do not undergo carbylamine reaction.

Complete the following reaction. CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 + HNO 2 → < 5 ° C ? + ? + ?

Aliphatic primary amine reacts with nitrous acid give corresponding alcohol and nitrogen gas is evolved. CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 + HNO 2 → < 5 ° C C 2 H 5 OH + N 2 g + H 2 O Nitrous acid is unstable, therefore it is prepared in the solution from the dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite NaNO 2 . Nitrous acid is the source of electrophilic nitrosonium ion which react with amine.

Complete the following reaction. CH 3 CONH 2 + Br 2 + 4 KOH → ? + ? + ? + ?

CH 3 CONH 2 + Br 2 + 4 KOH → CH 3 NH 2 + K 2 CO 3 + 2 KBr + 2 H 2 O This reaction is called Hoffmann's-bromamide reaction. It is also known as Hoffmann's rearrangement of amides. In this reaction, treatment of acid amides with bromine and potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) gives primary amines having one carbon less than the amide.

What is Gabriel- phthalimide reaction? Give the reaction.

Gabriel-phthalimide reaction is used for producing only aliphatic arylalkyl primary amines. Potassium phthalimide is reacted with an alkyl halide (haloalkane) or, with an alkylaryl halide to get N-alkyl pththalimide. N-alkyl phthalimide on hydrolysis with dilute hydrochloric acid under pressure or with sodium hydroxide gives corresponding primary amine.

How can 1 ° , 2 ° and 3 ° amine be distinguished by Hinsberg test?

The Hinsberg's test, which can distinguish primary 1 ° , secondary 2 ° , and tertiary 3 ° amines, is based upon sulphonamide formation. In the Hinsberg's test, an amine is reacted with benzene sulphonyl chloride (known as Hinsberg's reagent). If a product forms, the amine is either a primary or secondary amine, because tertiary amines do not form stable sulphonamides. If the sulphonamide that forms dissolves in aqueous potassium hydroxide solution, it is a primary amine. The hydrogen attached to nitrogen in sulphonamide is strongly acidic due to the presence of strongly electron withdrawing sulphonyl group. Therefore, primary amines are soluble in alkali KOH . If the sulphonamide is insoluble in aqueous potassium hydroxide, it is a secondary amine. Since the sulphonamide does not contain any hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen atom, so it is not acidic. Hence, secondary amines are not soluble in alkali KOH . Tertiary amines do not react with benzene sulphonyl chloride.

Complete the reaction: → HNO 3 + H 2 SO 4 ?

The direct nitration of aniline (benzenamine) with nitric acid and sulphuric acid gives 51% of p-nitroaniline, 47% of m-nitroaniline, and 2% of o-nitroaniline. It is an electrophilic substitution reaction.

Complete the reaction: CH 3 CONH 2 + 4 H → LiAlH 4 / ether ?

Primary amides can be reduced to primary amines with lithium aluminium hydride in the presence of solvent like ether. Acetamide on reduction gives ethanamine (ethylamine). CH 3 CONH 2 + 4 H → LiAlH 4 / ether CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 + H 2 O

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EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR CHEMISTRY>Chapter -1 - Amines>Nagaland Board-2018>Q 4

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12th Nagaland Board

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Why is secondary amine more basic than the tertiary amine?

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