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Why is temperature in Kelvin scale always positive? Also explain why Kelvin temperature is used only in studying gas laws.

Important Questions on Gaseous State

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

A thermodynamic system undergoes a cyclic process $A B C$ as shown in the diagram. The work done by the system per cycle is

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MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

The equation of state for a gas is given by

PV = nRT + α V

, where n is the number of moles and

α

is a positive constant. The initial temperature and pressure of one mole of the gas contained in a cylinder are T₀ and P₀ respectively. The work done by the gas when its temperature doubles isobarically will be :

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

Answer the following by appropriately matching the lists based on the information given in the paragraph.
In a thermodynamics process on an ideal monatomic gas, the infinitesimal heat absorbed by the gas is given by

T Δ X,

where

T

is temperature of the system and

Δ X

is the infinitesimal change in a thermodynamic quantity

X

of the system. For a mole of monatomic ideal gas

X = \frac{3}{2} R l n (\frac{T}{T_{A}}) + R l n (\frac{V}{V_{A}}) .

Here,

R

is gas constant,

V

is volume of gas,

T_{A}

and

V_{A}

are constants.
The List-I below gives some quantities involved in a process and List-II gives some possible values of these quantities.

	Column - I		Column - II
(I)	Work done by the system in process $1 \to 2 \to 3$	(P)	$\frac{1}{3} R T_{0} l n 2$
(II)	Change in internal energy in process $1 \to 2 \to 3$	(Q)	$\frac{1}{3} R T_{0}$
(III)	Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \to 2 \to 3$	(R)	$R T_{0}$
(IV)	Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \to 2$	(S)	$\frac{4}{3} R T_{0}$
		(T)	$\frac{1}{3} R T_{0} (3 + l n 2)$
		(U)	$\frac{5}{6} R T_{0}$

If the process on one mole of monatomic ideal gas is as shown in the

P V

-diagram with

P_{0} V_{0} = \frac{1}{3} R T_{0},

the correct match is

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EASY

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

A gas at state $A$ changes to state $B$ through path $I$ and $II$ shown in figure. The change in internal energy is $Δ U_{1}$ and $Δ U_{2}$ , respectively. Then

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MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

An ideal monoatomic gas occupies a volume of

2 m^{3}

at a pressure of

3 \times 10^{6} Pa .

The energy of the gas is:

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

The correct option for free expansion of an ideal gas under adiabatic condition is

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

T Δ X,

where

T

is temperature of the system and

Δ X

is the infinitesimal change in a thermodynamic quantity

X

of the system. For a mole of monatomic ideal gas

X = \frac{3}{2} R l n (\frac{T}{T_{A}}) + R l n (\frac{V}{V_{A}}) .

Here,

R

is gas constant,

V

is volume of gas,

T_{A}

and

V_{A}

are constants.
The List-I below gives some quantities involved in a process and List-II gives some possible values of these quantities.

	List I		List II
(I)	Work done by the system in process $1 \to 2 \to 3$	(P)	$\frac{1}{3} R T_{0} l n 2$
(II)	Change in internal energy in process $1 \to 2 \to 3$	(Q)	$\frac{1}{3} R T_{0}$
(III)	Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \to 2 \to 3$	(R)	$R T_{0}$
(IV)	Heat absorbed by the system in process $1 \to 2$	(S)	$\frac{4}{3} R T_{0}$
		(T)	$\frac{1}{3} R T_{0} (3 + l n 2)$
		(U)	$\frac{5}{6} R T_{0}$

If the process carried out on one mole of monatomic ideal gas is as shown in figure in the

T

V

-diagram with

P_{0} V_{0} = \frac{1}{3} R T_{0},

the correct match is,

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EASY

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

A container is divided into two chambers by a partition. The volume of first chamber is

4.5 litre

and second chamber is

5.5 litre

. The first chamber contain

3.0

moles of gas at pressure

2.0 atm

and second chamber contain

4.0

moles of gas at pressure

3.0 atm

. After the partition is removed and the mixture attains equilibrium, then, the common equilibrium pressure existing in the mixture is

x \times 10^{- 1} atm

. Value of

x

(nearest integer) is

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

2 kg

of a monoatomic gas is at a pressure of

4 \times 10^{4} N m^{- 2}

. The density of the gas is

8 kg m^{- 3}

. What is the order of energy of the gas due to its thermal motion?

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

N

moles of diatomic gas in a cylinder is at a temperature

T

. Heat is supplied to the cylinder such that the temperature remains constant but

n

moles of the diatomic gas get converted into monoatomic gas. The change in the total kinetic energy of the gas is

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

The internal energy

(U)

, pressure

(P)

and volume

(V)

of an ideal gas are related as

U = 3 P V + 4 .

The gas is

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

An ideal gas is compressed to half of its initial volume by means of several processes. Which of the process results in the maximum work done on the gas?

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

The volume

V

of a given mass of monoatomic gas changes with temperature

T

according to the relation

V = K T^{\frac{2}{3}}

. The workdone when temperature changes by

90 K

will be

x R

. The value of

x

is
[

R

universal gas constant ]

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

Five moles of an ideal gas at

1

bar and

298 K

is expanded into vacuum to double the volume. The work done is :

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

A monoatomic gas of mass

4.0 u

is kept in an insulated container. The container is moving with velocity

30 m s^{- 1}

. If the container is suddenly stopped then a change in temperature of the gas (

R =

gas constant) is

\frac{x}{3 R}

. Value of

x

is,

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

A gas mixture contains monoatomic and diatomic molecules of

2

moles each. The mixture has a total internal energy of (symbols have usual meanings)

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

An ideal gas in a cylinder is separated by a piston in such a way that the entropy of one part is

S_{1}

and that of the other part is

S_{2}

. Given that

S_{1} > S_{2}

. If the piston is removed then the total entropy of the system will be:

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

A gas mixture consists of

2

moles of

O_{2}

and 4 moles of

Ar

at temperature

T

. Neglecting all vibrational modes, the total internal energy of the system is (

R

is universal gas constant)

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

An ideal gas is taken reversibly around the cycle $a - b - c - d - a$ as shown on the T (temperature) - S (entropy) diagram

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The most appropriate representation of above cycle on a U (internal energy)-V (volume) diagram is

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Gaseous State>Gas Laws

One mole of diatomic ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process ABC as shown in figure. The process BC is adiabatic. The temperatures at A, B and C are 400 K, 800 K and 600 K respectively. Choose the correct statement :

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Why is temperature in Kelvin scale always positive? Also explain why Kelvin temperature is used only in studying gas laws.

Important Questions on Gaseous State

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