Why is reproduction essential?

Reproduction is a biological process by which living organisms produce offspring that may be genetically identical or unique. There are two forms of reproduction: asexual and sexual. It is essential as it ensures the continuation of diverse species on the earth.

Define the self-pollination.

The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or the other flowers borne in the same plant is known as self-pollination. Pollination is followed by fertilisation because when the pollen rests on the stigma it germinates to form a pollen tube that helps the male gamete to reach the ovum.

Draw a labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of flower.

The diagram shows the parts of a flower which are petals, sepals, stamen, pistil in longitudinal section. Anther and filament are the parts of a stamen. Stigma, style and ovary are the parts of pistil.

Draw in sequence, different stages of binary fission in amoeba.

Amoeba is a unicellular organism that reproduces through binary fission. When Amoeba reaches the maximum size of growth, the nucleus of Amoeba lengthens and gets divided into two parts. Then, the cytoplasm of the Amoeba divides into two parts, one part around each nucleus. In Amoeba , the splitting of the two cells can take place in any plane during division.

What is vegetative propagation?

The type of asexual reproduction in which the regeneration of plants occurs from the vegetative parts such as root, stem, leaves, etc., is called vegetative propagation. The plant parts used for vegetative propagation are called vegetative propagules. Examples: Stem cuttings are used for the propagation of rose, Hibiscus , etc.

Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the same flower or a different flower of the same plant or of a different plant but of the same species. The process of pollination is carried out by the pollinating agents like wind, water, insects, etc.

How does binary fission differ from multiple fission?

Features Binary fission Multiple fission Definition Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction, in which the parent organism splits (or divides) to form two new organisms. In multiple fission, the parent organism splits (or divides) to form many new organisms at the same time. Example The unicellular organisms like Amoeba, Paramecium, Leishmania , bacteria, etc., reproduce by binary fission. Plasmodium reproduces by multiple fission.