Write a short note on factors affecting respiration.

Identify the reactions where energy is produced:

I. $\mathrm{Malic} \mathrm{acid}+{\mathrm{NAD}}^{+} \stackrel{\mathrm{Malate}dehydrogenase}{⟶} \mathrm{oxaloacetic} \mathrm{acid}+\mathrm{NADH}$

II. $\mathrm{Citric} \mathrm{acid} \stackrel{\mathrm{Aconitase}}{⟶} \mathrm{cis}-\mathrm{aconitic} \mathrm{acid}+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$

III. $\mathrm{Succinic} \mathrm{acid}+\mathrm{FAD} \stackrel{ \mathrm{Succinic} \mathrm{dehydrogenase} }{⟶} \mathrm{Fumaric} \mathrm{acid}+{\mathrm{FADH}}_2$

IV.  $\mathrm{Succinyl} \mathrm{CoA}+\mathrm{ADP}+\mathrm{Pi} \underset{\mathrm{Thiokinase}}{\overset{\mathrm{Succinic}}{\to }} \mathrm{Succinic} \mathrm{acid}+\mathrm{ATP}+\mathrm{CoA}$

V. $\mathrm{Oxalosuccinic} acid\underset{ \mathrm{decarboxylase}}{\overset{\mathrm{Oxalosuccinic} }{\to }} \mathrm{\alpha }-\mathrm{Ketoglutaric} \mathrm{acid}+{\mathrm{CO}}_2$

The correct combination is:

Match the metabolic pathways in Column I with their corresponding intermediate molecules listed in Column II

Choose the CORRECT combination.

Arrange the given reactions occur in electron transport in correct sequence.

$I)$ Oxygen $\to$ Removes ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ from ETS $\to$ Receives electrons form $ETS$.

$II)$ Ubiquinone $\to$ Oxidized from ubiquinol $\to$ Receives reduced equivalents from ${\mathrm{FADH}}_2$.

$III$Cyt C oxidase $\to$ Reduced by cytochrome $\mathrm{C}\to$ Electron donor for ${\mathrm{O}}_2$ to release ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$.

$IV)$ Cytochrome $\mathrm{C}\to$ Mobile carrier $\to$ Transfer $e^{-}$ from cyt $\mathrm{b}$ to cyt $\mathrm{c}$ oxidase.

Find out where transketolase and epimerase reactions occur among the following:

i) $\mathrm{G}-3-\mathrm{P}+\mathrm{DHAP}⟶$ Fructose $-1-6-$ bisphosphate

ii) Sedoheptulose- $7-$ Phosphate $+\mathrm{G}-3-\mathrm{P}⟶$ Xylulose $-5-\mathrm{P}+$ Ribose $-5-$ Phosphate

iii) Ribose $-5-$ Phosphate $⟶$Ribulose $-5-$ Phosphate

iv) Xylulose $-5 -$Phosphate $⟶$ Ribulose$-5 -$ Phosphate

v) Fructose $- 6 -$Phosphate $+\mathrm{G}-3-\mathrm{P}⟶$ Xylulose$- 5 -$Phosphate $+$ Erythrose $-4-$Phosphate

The correct combination is