Name: Periods in the Modern Periodic Table
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 5 min 31 s
Description: The general characteristics of periods are identified by its total number of shells in an atom or period number. The electronic configuration of an element d...

Question

Write an essay on

s, p, d

and

f

block elements.

Accepted Answer

$s -$ Block Elements:

Elements in which the last electron enters the $s -$ orbital of the outermost energy level are called $s -$ block elements.

The $s -$ block consists of two groups-Group $1$ and Group $2$ , which are alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.

$p -$ Block Elements:

Elements in which the last electron enters the $p -$ orbital of their outermost energy level are called $p -$ block elements.

The p-block elements comprise elements belonging to Groups $13 - 18$ .

It consists of all types of elements-metals, non-metals and metalloids.

$d -$ Block Elements (Transition Elements):

Elements in which the last electron enters any one of the five $d -$ orbitals of penultimate shells are called $d -$ block elements.

Elements of Groups $3 - 12$ in the centre of the periodic table constitute the $d -$ block elements.

The general outer electronic configuration of $d -$ block elements is $(n - 1) d^{(1 - 10)} {ns}^{(1 - 2)}$ .

$f -$ Block Elements (Inner Transition Elements):

Elements in which the last electron enters any one of the seven $f -$ orbitals of their respective ante-penultimate shells are called $f -$ block elements.

There are $30 f -$ block elements in the periodic table which are placed at the bottom of the periodic table.

The lanthanoids, i.e. lanthanum to lutetium and actinoids, i.e. actinium to lawrencium are characterized by the outer electronic configuration $(n - 2) f^{(0 - 14)} (n - 1) d^{(0 - 2)} {ns}^{2}$ .

All the $f -$ block elements, i.e. lanthanoids and actinoids, are also called inner transition elements.

Write an essay on $s, p, d$ and $f$ block elements.

Important Questions on Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

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