A compound X having the molecular formula C 3 H 7 NO reacts with bromine in presence of NaOH to give a compound Y . The compound Y reacts with NaNO 2 + HCl to form ethanol and nitrogen has. Identify the compounds X and Y and write the chemical equations involved.

The action of bromine on acid amides in an alkaline solution produces an amine containing one carbon atom less than the number present in the amide. This reaction is called Hoffmann bromamide reaction and is used in degradation of carbon chain. Primary amines react with nitrous acid to form primary alcohol with the liberation of nitrogen. Hence, the compound with molecular formula C 3 H 7 NO is, propanamide, it reacts with bromine in presence of NaOH to give CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 . CH 3 CH 2 CONH 2 ( X ) + Br 2 + 4 KOH → CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 ( Y ) → NaNO 2 + HCl CH 3 CH 2 OH + N 2 + H 2 O

Write the chemical equations for the conversion of aniline to sulphanilic acid.

Aniline on heating with sulphuric acid forms anilinium hydrogen sulphate which on heating at high temperature liberates sulphanilic acid. The equation for the reaction is:

Write chemical equation for the conversion of benzene diazonium chloride to phenol.

The diazonium salt or diazonium chloride, on heating in the aqueous acidic medium, it liberates nitrogen and forms phenol as a product. Diazonium salt are the important class of compounds that helps in introducing numerous substituents into the aromatic ring system. The equation for the reaction is:

Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of basic strength in aqueous solution : C 2 H 5 NH 2 , ( C 2 H 5 ) 2 NH , ( C 2 H 5 ) 3 N , NH 3

The basic character of a pure amine depends on the electron density around N atom of amino group as well on its interaction with the solvent. It is well known that an alkyl group is electron releasing. Thus, in a tertiary amine the electron density around N atom is largest due to the presence of three electron donating CH 3 substituents. But its interaction with water molecule is less favourable due to steric hindrance of three - CH 3 groups. whereas, in the case of primary amines only one CH 3 substituent is present. Hence, in aqueous state a secondary amine is more basic than tertiary amine and primary amine is more basic than ammonia which does not have any CH 3 substituent. Therefore, the decreasing order of basic strength of the compounds in aqueous solution is, ( C 2 H 5 ) 2 NH > ( C 2 H 5 ) 3 N > C 2 H 5 NH 2 > NH 3

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Write chemical equation for the conversion of acetamide to methyl amine.

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