Give the general formula for soap.

The chemical formula for soap is C 17 H 35 COONa . Soap is salt. Soap is a cleaning agent produced with an alkali metal hydroxide by the chemical reaction of a fatty acid.

What is saponification?

Soaps containing sodium salts are formed by heating fat (i.e., glyceryl ester of fatty acid) with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. This reaction is known as saponification. It is a process that converts fat or oil into alcohol and soap by the action of heat in the presence of aqueous alkali.

Name the functional group present in the given compound : CH 3 COCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3

The functional group present in CH 3 COCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 this compound is a ketone. It is a functional group with a structure R 2 C = O . Here, R can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents.

What is a functional group?

Functional Groups is defined as these are the substituent atoms or groups of atoms that are attached to specific molecules. A functional group is a group of atoms or bonds inside a substance that is responsible for the substance’s unique chemical reactions in organic chemistry. For example, - CHO , - OH , - COOH , etc.

Name the reaction that is commonly used in the conversion of ethanol to ethane.

The reaction that is commonly used in the conversion of ethanol to ethane is the dehydration reaction. Ethanol is heated in presence of concentrated sulphuric acid then dehydration takes place to give ethylene. Now, ethylene is reacted with hydrogen in presence of nickel, then ethane is obtained.

Name the reaction that is commonly used in the conversion of vegetable oils to fat.

The reaction that is commonly used in the conversion of vegetable oils to fat is named as hydrogenation reaction. In this reaction, unsaturated vegetables are converted to saturated fats, which have saturated carbons.

Allotropy is a property shown by which class of substances, elements, compounds mixtures? Give one example of allotropes of carbon.

Allotropy is a property shown by the class elements. Allotropy, the existence of a chemical element in two or more forms, which may differ in the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids or in the occurrence of molecules that contain different numbers of atoms. For example, diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon.

Explain how a single covalent bond is formed between two atoms of hydrogen. (Support your answer by drawing a structural diagram).

The bond formed between the two atoms by the mutual sharing of electrons to complete their octets or duplets is called a covalent bond. When two atoms of hydrogen combine, one electron of each takes part in sharing. Thus, two electrons (one pair of electrons) are shared between the two atoms.