Define the term pollination. Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination. What is the significance of pollination?

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen grains from the anther to the female part that is stigma of the same or different flower. Characteristics Self-pollination Cross-pollination Definition It is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or another flower borne on the same plant. It is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower borne on a different plant of the same species. Agents External agent not required. External agents like wind, water, insects, etc, are always required. Significance of pollination are listed below: Pollination is required for fertilization and zygote formation. Pollination helps in the production of seeds and fruits which ensures the continuity of plant species. Cross-pollination helps in the production of variation in species. Pollination is a pre-requisite for fertilization in flowering plants.

List in proper sequence four steps of obtaining germinating dicot seeds.

A seed is formed by the fertilized ovule and pollen egg. It contains reserve food and a protective coat. When the seed is sown in the soil a new plant appears from the embryo. Dicot seed: The seed having two cotyledons is called a dicot seed. For example; gram and bean seed. The four steps for germinating dicot seeds are as follows: Imbibition: Dry seeds absorb water during the imbibition process. This results in swelling and softening of the seed coat. Respiration: In the absence of oxygen, anaerobic respiration occurs. Respiration provides energy to the seed for metabolic activity. Effect of Light: Light is important for germination as it initiates the metabolic activities inside the seed. Mobilization of reserve food: The mobilization of seed storage proteins upon seed imbibition and germination is a crucial process in the establishment of seedling. This provides essential energy to fuel growth until the seedling becomes photoautotrophic.

What is carpel? Write the function of its various parts.

Carpel is the ovule-bearing female reproductive organ in plants. Stigma, style, and ovary are three parts of a carpel. The functions are as follows: Stigma : It is the top portion of a carpel. It is the site of pollination. Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma. Style : It is a long, tubular structure that connects the stigma to the ovary. Ovary : It is a basal part that contains ovules that produce the seeds.

E M B I B E

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 3

EASY

10th Assam Board

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

Write the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction?

Important Questions on How do Organisms Reproduce?

MEDIUM

10th Assam Board

IMPORTANT

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 4

What is a seed? Explain the parts of the seed with a neat labelled diagram.

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IMPORTANT

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 5

Why calyx and corolla are called non-essential parts of a flower?

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IMPORTANT

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 6

Differentiate between pollination and fertilisation. What happens in a flower after fertilisation?

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IMPORTANT

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 7

With the help of diagram, show the different stages of binary fission in Amoeba.

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Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 8

Write a note on vegetative reproduction in Bryophyllum.

EASY

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IMPORTANT

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 9

What is a clone? Why do offspring formed by asexual reproduction exhibit remarkable similarity?

HARD

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IMPORTANT

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 10

A worm X found in freshwater and slow-moving streams has been accidentally cut into three pieces. It was observed that in due course of time, each cut piece of the worm developed to become a complete worm by growing all the missing parts.

“Name another organism Y which possesses the same characteristic of growing fully from its cut body.”

State whether X and Y are unicellular and/ or multicellular organisms.

EASY

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IMPORTANT

Science Crash Course (Based on Revised Syllabus-2023)>Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?>Exercise>Q 11

Why gametes are not involved in asexual reproduction?