Meiosis is a process in which a diploid cell divides twice to generate four haploid cells. A diploid cell has 2n chromosomes to generate four haploid cells that have n chromosomes. Meiosis decreases the number of chromosomes in the parent cell to half the normal number of chromosomes and produces four gamete cells. Synapsis is the fusion of two chromosomes in meiosis during prophase I. It is the longest phase of meiosis. During Prophase I, the fusion of parental chromosomes and homologous maternal occurs to exchange genetic information.

Karyogram is an image of homologous pairs of chromosomes from a cell, organized according to their size from largest to smallest for easy visualization. It is also known as an ideogram. A karyogram provides a geneticist to define a karyotype of a person.