Name: Enantiomers and Chirality
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 6 min 10 s
Description: Enantiomers are a pair of molecules that exist in two forms that are mirror images of one another but cannot be superimposed upon the other. Let's learn more.

Question

Match the type of mixture of compounds in Column I with the technique of separation/purification given in Column II.

Column I	Column II
(i) Two solids which have different solubilities in a solvent and which do not undergo reaction when dissolved in it.	(a) Steam distillation
(ii) Liquid that decomposes at its boiling point	(b) Fractional distillation
(iii) Steam volatile liquid	(c) Simple distillation
(iv) Two liquids which have boiling points close to each other	(d) Distillation under reduced pressure
(v) Two liquids with large difference in boiling points.	(e) Crystallization

Accepted Answer

(i) On dissolving in solvent, the solid which is insoluble is separated out by filtration and the soluble solid is separated by crystallisation. It is a common and useful laboratory technique. It can be used to purify substances.

(ii) Distillation under reduced pressure is done, because at low pressure vapours are formed below its boiling point and decomposition does not take place.

(iii) A compound is said to be steam volatile if it distills under the conditions of steam distillation. Liquid is converted into vapours by passing steam followed by condensation.

(iv) The vapours of such liquids are formed within the same temperature range and are condensed simultaneously. The technique of fractional distillation is used in such cases. In this technique, vapours of a liquid mixture are passed through a fractionating column before condensation. The fractionating column is fitted over the mouth of the round bottom flask.

(v) Liquids having different boiling points vaporise at different temperatures. The vapours are cooled and the liquids so formed collected separately.

Column I Column II

(i) Two solids which have different solubilities in a solvent and which do not undergo reaction when dissolved in it. (e) Crystallisation

(ii) Liquid that decomposes at its boiling point (d) Distillation under reduced pressure

(iii) Steam volatile liquid (a) Steam distillation

(iv) Two liquids which have boiling points close to each other (b) Fractional distillation

(v) Two liquids with large difference in boiling points. (c) Simple distillation

	Column I		Column II
(i)	Carbocation	(a)	Cyclohexane and $1$ -hexene
(ii)	Nucleophile	(b)	Conjugation of electrons of $C - H$ bond with empty $p$ -orbital present at adjacent positively charged carbon.
(iii)	Hyperconjugation	(c)	${sp}^{2}$ hybridised carbon with the empty $p$ orbital
(iv)	Isomers	(d)	Ethyne
(v)	$sp$ hybridisation	(e)	Species that can revive a pair of electrons
(vi)	Electrophile	(f)	Species that can supply a pair of electrons

NCERT Solutions for Chapter: Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques, Exercise 1: Matching Type

NCERT Chemistry Solutions for Exercise - NCERT Solutions for Chapter: Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques, Exercise 1: Matching Type

Questions from NCERT Solutions for Chapter: Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques, Exercise 1: Matching Type with Hints & Solutions

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	Column I		Column II
(i)	Dumas method	(a)	${AgNO}_{3}$
(ii)	Kjeldahl's method	(b)	Silica gel
(iii)	Carius method	(c)	Nitrogen gas
(iv)	Chromatography	(d)	Free radicals
(v)	Homolysis	(e)	Ammonium sulphate

	Column I		Column II
(i)	Free radical	(a)	Trigonal planar
(ii)	Carbocation	(b)	Pyramidal
(iii)	Carbanion	(c)	Linear

	Column I		Column II
(i)		(a)	Stable due to resonance
(ii)	$F_{3} - \overset{\oplus}{C}$	(b)	Destabilised due to inductive effect
(iii)		(c)	Stabilised by hyperconjugation
(iv)	${CH}_{3} - \overset{\oplus}{C} H - {CH}_{3}$	(d)	A secondary carbocation