Match column-I with column-II and select the correct option using the given codes. Column I Column II P. A metal that forms two types of oxides (i) Cu Q. A metal used in hot water apparatus (ii) Ag R. A metal which can displace hydrogen from steam only (iii) Fe S. A metal that does not react with air even at high temperature (iv) Zn

P-(iii), Q-(i), R-(iii), (iv), S-(ii)

P-(iii), Q-(ii), R-(i), S-(iv), (ii)

A few chemical properties of three metals X, Y and Z are summarised in the given table. Metal Chemical Properties X Reacts with hot water and starts floating on the surface of water. Y Reacts with steam. Z Does not react with dilute acids as well as steam. The methods which can be used to extract X, Y and Z from their ores are respectively,

electrolysis, reduction with carbon and heating alone.

heating with carbon, alumino-thermy and electrolysis.

calcination, alumino-thermy and roasting.

heating the metal oxide, heating with carbon and electrolysis.

State two ways to prevent the rusting of iron.

The two ways to prevent rusting of iron are as follows- (i) Galvanization: Articles that are exposed to extreme moisture such as roof sheets and pipes are protected from rusting by galvanizing. Galvanization is a method of protecting steel and iron from rusting by coating them with a thin layer of zinc. The iron coated with zinc is called galvanized iron or simply G l . As zinc is more reactive than iron, it reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture to form an invisible layer of basic zinc carbonate Z n C O 3 . Z n O H 2 which protects it from further rusting. The galvanized iron articles remain protected from rusting even if zinc coating is broken. This is because zinc is more reactive than iron. (ii) Painting: In materials like railings, window, grills, lamp posts, iron gates, iron bridge, railway coaches, bodies of cars, buses and trucks, etc., painting the metal surface does not allow them to come in contact with the moist air and thus, prevents rusting.

Name two metals which are found in nature in the free state.

The two metals which are found in nature in the free state are gold and silver. Apart from this platinum and copper also exist in the free state. They are non-reactive in nature. They are placed at the bottom of metal reactivity series.

What happens when manganese dioxide is heated with aluminium powder. Write only chemical equation.

It is a displacement reaction in which heat is evolved. Aluminium is more reactive than manganese. Therefore, the following chemical reaction will take place when manganese dioxide is treated with aluminium powder to form aluminium oxide and manganese. 3 MnO 2 s + 4 Al s → 3 Mn l + 2 Al 2 O 3 s + Heat

Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

There are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions in ionic compounds. Considerable amount of energy is required to break strong inter-ionic force of attraction. Therefore, they have high melting points. On dissolving in water ionic compounds form a solution in which ions can move. This means that these solutions can conduct electricity.

Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because

zinc has a higher melting point than tin

You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice. Explain why these sour substances are effective in cleaning the vessels.

Copper reacts with moist carbon dioxide in the air to form a green layer called patina. As a result, the copper vessel loses its shine and is said to be tarnished. This is due to the formation of copper carbonate which is basic in nature. The citric acid present in the lemon or tamarind helps to neutralise the basic copper carbonate thereby dissolving the layer by neutralisation reaction. This is the reason why tarnished copper vessels are cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice to give the surface of the copper vessel its characteristic lustre.

What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.

The oxides which show basic, as well as acidic behaviour are known as amphoteric oxides. They can act as either an acid or base in a reaction to produce a salt and water. Examples of amphoteric oxide are zinc oxide and aluminium oxide

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Extraction of highly electropositive metal is done by

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Important Questions on Metals And Non-metals

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 10

Some properties of substances P, Q, R and S are given in the table:

Substance	Melting point, $° C$	Boiling point, $° C$	Electrical conductivity
P	$44$	$280$	Good
Q	$- 7.2$	$59$	Poor
R	$- 101$	$- 35$	Poor
S	$- 39$	$357$	Good

Which of the given substances represents a gaseous non-metal at room temperature?

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 11

Match column-I with column-II and select the correct option using the given codes.

Column I	Column II
P. A metal that forms two types of oxides	(i) $Cu$
Q. A metal used in hot water apparatus	(ii) $Ag$
R. A metal which can displace hydrogen from steam only	(iii) $Fe$
S. A metal that does not react with air even at high temperature	(iv) $Zn$

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 12

Ms. Neelam, a class $10$ teacher took $Cu, Al, Pb$ and $Zn$ strips respectively in four test tubes labelled as I, II, III and IV and added $10 mL$ of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution to each test tube as shown in the figure:

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Black residue would be obtained in test tubes

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 13

Which reagent is able to dissolve gold and platinum?

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 14

Amalgam is

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 15

A few chemical properties of three metals X, Y and Z are summarised in the given table.

Metal	Chemical Properties
X	Reacts with hot water and starts floating on the surface of water.
Y	Reacts with steam.
Z	Does not react with dilute acids as well as steam.

The methods which can be used to extract X, Y and Z from their ores are respectively,

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 16

Mitaali, a class $10$ student wanted to study the speed of reactions of different acids with zinc metal. For this, she conducted the following experiments using zinc metal in excess.

Experiment	Acid Used
I.	$100 mL$ of $0.2 mol L^{- 1} HCl$ .
II.	$100 mL$ of $0.2 mol L^{- 1} H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ .
III.	$100 mL$ of $0.2 mol L^{- 1} {CH}_{3} COOH$ .

She measured the volume of $H_{2}$ gas produced at regular time intervals and summarised her results in a graphical form. Which of the following graphs best represents the results obtained in experiments I, II and III?

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Foundation Course Chemistry>Chapter 3 - Metals And Non-metals>Olympiad/HOTS corner>Q 17

A metal rod M was dipped in a coloured solution Y. After some time it was observed that the metal rod starts dissolving in the solution and the solution starts fading in colour. However, a coloured precipitate Z was seen at the bottom of the beaker. M, Y and Z could be

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Extraction of highly electropositive metal is done by

Important Questions on Metals And Non-metals

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