Name: Biotechnology
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 14 min 32 s
Description: Biotechnology is exploited in genetic engineering to alter and manipulate the genome as per requirement. Insulin synthesis is a remarkable application. Watch...

Question

Write a brief note on Microinjection.

Accepted Answer

Microinjection is the direct process of DNA delivery into plant and animal cells using glass micropipettes or metal microinjection needles. In mammals, it is used to deliver a piece of foreign DNA (transgene) into the fertilized egg. Glass micropipettes can be of various sizes with tip diameters ranging from $0.1 to 10 µ m .$ DNA or RNA is injected directly into the cell’s nucleus. Microinjection is a simple mechanical process usually involving an inverted microscope with a magnification power of around $200 x .$ It is conducted on a single cell, using a glass needle, a precision positioning device to control the movement of the micropipette, and a microinjector.

It is used in the creation of transgenic animals, embryonic stem cell-mediated gene transfer, DNA microinjection, and retrovirus-mediated gene transfer.

Extrusion of fluid containing the genetic material through the micropipette uses hydrostatic pressure. Injections are typically carried out under direct visual control, using a microscope.

Write a brief note on Microinjection.

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