Enzymes

IMPORTANT

Enzymes: Overview

This topic covers concepts such as Ribozyme, Energy Profile of Enzyme Action, Enzymes, Nomenclature of Enzymes, Oxidoreductase, Transferase, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases, Ligases, Enzyme Structure, Simple Enzymes, Conjugated Enzymes, etc.

Important Questions on Enzymes

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Hydrolytic enzymes which act on low pH are called as

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Study the given data and answer the following question.

A sample of an enzyme called lactase was isolated from the intestinal lining of a calf. Assays were undertaken to evaluate the activity of the enzyme sample. The substrate of lactase is the disaccharide lactose. Lactase breaks a lactose molecule in two, producing a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule.

Two assays were carried out.

Assay 1:

Lactose concentration (% w/v) 15 15 15 15 15 15
Concentration of enzyme sample (% v/v) 0 5 10 15 20 25
Reaction rate μmol glucose sec-1 mL-1 0 25 50 75 100 125

Assay 2:

Lactose concentration (% w/v) 0 5 15 20 25 30
Concentration of enzyme sample (% v/v) 5 5 5 5 5 5
Reaction rate μmol glucose sec-1 mL-1 0 15 25 35 40 40

Which of the following statements can be concluded from the two assays?

HARD
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A scientist performed enzyme kinetics and obtained velocityv as a function of substrate concentration [S] and the values are given in the table below.

S(μMolar)  v (μ/min) S(μMolar)  v (μ/min)
50 10.2 400 62.5
100 19.1 800 75.3
150 31.2 1000 76.2
200 38.1 1300 76.3
300 55.4 1600 77.2

The Km of the substrate could

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The graph given below shows the Michaelis-Menten kinetics for two reactions (R1 and R2; represented as solid and dotted lines, respectively). Enzymes E1 and E2 have Vmax values, Vmax1 and Vmax2, respectively. The respective KM values for E1 and E2 are KM1 and KM2. (KM1=KM2).

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The correct statement(s) for reactions R1 and R2 is/are

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The diagram represents a reaction with and without an enzyme. What of the following labellings represents the activation energy of the enzyme-catalysed reaction?

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Match the enzymes in Column I with their respective biochemical reactions in column II. Choose the correct combination from below

Column I Column II
(P) Transaminases (i) Removal of a phosphoryl group from a specific amino acid
(Q) Protein Kinases (ii) Removal of α-amino group from a specific amino acid
(R) Protein Phosphatases (iii) Addition of phosphoryl group to a specific amino acid
(S) Dehydrogenases (iv) Interconversion of optical isomers
  (v) Oxidation and reduction of substrates

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Which group of enzymes catalyses reactions involving a structural rearrangement of a molecule?

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Which among the following enzymes, help in joining the molecules together?

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Esterase belongs to the category of:

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Which of the following is a cofactor of carboxypeptidase, a proteolytic enzyme?

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Name the organism from the options that produces the enzyme cellulase.

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When RNAse enzyme is denatured by adding urea, which ONE of the following combinations of bonds would be disrupted?

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Transition state structure of the substrate formed during an enzymatic reaction is

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Out of the following, which is correct w.r.t competitive inhibitors?

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Enzymes that catalyse interconversion of optical, geometrical or positional isomers are

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The following graphs with the solid and dotted lines correspond to the reactions without and with enzyme, respectively. Which of the following graph(s) correctly represents the concept of activation energy?

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Ethanol is used to treat methanol toxicity because ethanol

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Solid and dotted lines represent the activities of pepsin and salivary amylase enzymes of the digestive tract, respectively. Which one of the following graphs best represents their activity vs pH?

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Serine proteases are called so because they

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Which class of the enzyme catalyses the oxidation nd reduction reactions?