Statement and Inference

Given below are pairs of events (A) and (B). You have to read both the events (A) and (B) and decide their nature of relationship. You have to assume that the information given in (A) and (B) is true and you will not assume anything beyond the given information in deciding the answer. Mark answer
(1) If (A) is the effect and (B) is its immediate and principal cause.
(2) If (A) is the immediate and principal cause and (B) is its effect.
(3) If (B) and (A) is an individual effect.
(4) If (A) is an effect but (B) is not its immediate and principal cause.
(5) If (B) is an effect but (A) is not its immediate and principal cause.

Event (A): People are avoiding post-paid mobile service connections.
Event (B): Prepaid mobile service connections are easily available in the market.

Below is given a passage followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.
Mark answer-
(1) If the inference is "definitely true" i.e it properly follows from the statement of facts given.
(2) If the inference is "probably true" though not "definitely true" in the light of the facts given.
(3) If the "data are inadequate" i.e, from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or false.
(4) If the inference is "probably false" though not "definitely false" in the light of the facts given.
(5) If the inference is "definitely false", i.e it cannot possibly be drawn from the facts given or it contradicts the given facts.
More than 66% of children under the six years in Delhi slums are malnourished. It is more than the children in the sub-Saharan Africa where the figure stands at 38%. India's malnourishment stand at 40%.This has been revealed by the survey report of situational analysis of young children in Delhi. This study was done in 22 slum clusters in Delhi. The study says that malnourishment is higher at the construction sites and among deprived including Muslims and scheduled castes. The main reason is being the poor health status of the mothers. Only 10% of the poor women are accessing the basic health care services including nutrition services under integrated child development scheme. The report says adding that the scheme covers just 10% of the poor women. Most of the women in the unorganised sector do not get maternity leave resulting in poor health of the woman and the new born child. The birth registration rate in slums in less than 20% and large number of child-births take place at home. According to the study vulnerable sections like street children, beggars, children of migrant labour and sex workers are not covered in any government schemes. The report also says that there is tremendous increase almost double in the number of people living below poverty line.

Maternity leave is given to women only in the organised sector.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions which follow:

It is true that the green revolution has succeeded in transforming the Indian economy from a situation of severe food shortage into one where the country has not only become self reliant in food production but has also been able to generate a sizeable surplus for export. However, the high doses of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which have been used under this conventional farming technology (along with high yielding varieties of seeds and irrigation) are now reversing the trend and causing severe environmental and health hazards, including the contamination of ground water.

The number of cases concerning a non-contagious chemical poisoning is on the rise among the local villagers. Which of the following could possibly be a cause of the statement given above?

A few states in this country are considering legislation that would prohibit schools from using calculators before the sixth grade. Other states take a different position. Some states are insisting on the purchase of graphing calculators for every student in middle school.
This paragraph best supports the statement that in this country

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions which follow:
Statement: Despite the fact that renewal of cricketing ties between India and Pakistan is being pursued at the highest level at the centre. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has made it clear that all extra precautions will be taken before issuing Visa to Pakistan fans wanting to enjoy the proposed series later this year.

These questions are based on the information given above and the sentences labeled (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E).
(A) At present, India should not be liberal in granting Visa to Pakistan spectators.
(B) This time stringent measures would be adopted before granting Visa.
(C) During the ongoing investigation $2008$ Mumbai terror attack, it has come to light how Pakistani terrorists and Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) misused visas in plotting terror attacks against India.
(D) The official pointed out that another area of concern was the disappearance of Pakistan national.
(E) Pakistani who are still in India after their visa had expired are a potential threat to national internal security.

Which of the statements numbered (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) can be assumed from the facts/information given in the statement?

Below is given a passage followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.

The latest data to show that the overall power situation has gotten worse, with the ratio for peak-load shortages now the highest in a decade. In absolute terms, the power deficit has hit record levels and seems almost certain to further deteriorate without real reforms on the ground. Even as aggressive technical and commercial losses. In the power system remain much high at over a third of total generation, pan-India capacity addition is now well below target. A shortage of equipment and skills is blamed for the marked slow down in augmenting power capacity. But the dearth of resources can only be relative. In fact, the real bane of the sector is continuing revenue leakage in the state power utilities and unacceptably high aggregate technical and commercial losses, much of it plain theft of electricity. Given the preponderance of state utilities in power supply, the fact that they remain very much in red does affect investor comfort and return funds flow.

Reforms in power sector in India has not yet attained its desired level.

Effect: The majority of employees of the ailing organization opted for voluntary retirement scheme and left the organization with all their retirement benefits within a fortnight of launching the scheme.

Which of the following can be probable cause of the above effect?

Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.
Often when people commit suicide, other people keep on criticizing the person. People for some reason or other commit suicide, as life has got different ups and downs. These people get new names after their death, coward, timid, etc.
(A) People who commit suicide lose their emotional intelligence and get emotionally weak and hence take the wrong step.
(B) In life itself, people walk on the self-suicidal path as they take drugs, they accept the defeat against their self-suicidal habits.
(C) In life, one important thing that everyone needs is money. When people are unable to earn money for livelihood they find it's better to end their lives. This is again their weakness.
(D) Leaving the family behind without even thinking about them to end their own miseries is certainly a selfish act.
(E) Talking of the brain, the human brain does not allow a person to commit suicide, but if anyone can beat the instinct and end the life, certainly the person is not weak.
(F) All the people on this earth have got their own limit of tolerance and endurance to fight with the miseries, so when they have tried everything, they commit suicide. They fight till the end, and fighters are not weak.
(G) Human birth is a precious gift given by God and it cannot be ended like this. In the world, there are equal shares of joys and sorrows. So, one should be always motivated towards life, not death.
(H) There are times when it seems that it is better to end the life but then think of the other people who have got more problems than you. At that time, you will feel how many good things are you bestowed upon within this life.

Which of the following is a positive conclusion that can be drawn from the above discussion on suicide?

Below is given  passage followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passages. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and then decide upon its degree of truth and falsity.
Mark your answer as:
(1) if the inference is definitely true.
(2) if the inference is probably true.
(3) if the data is inadequate.
(4) if the inference is probably false.
(5) if the inference is definitely false.
India and other developing countries, while expressing their commitment to the up gradation of labour standards, have been resisting the move to link international trade, not only with labour standards, but also with environmental concerns and human rights. The move was set afoot on the successful conclusion of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations with a proposal for the inclusion of a social clause in the World Trade Organization (WTO), which succeeds GATT. Later on, stiff opposition to the move on the ground that the matter did not fall in the area of trade, a proposal was mooted for the inclusion of a social clause in ILO.

The Uruguay Round concluded successfully.

Given below is one passage followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.

Real estate major DLF is once again being investigated by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) for allegedly misusing its dominant position in the market by drafting a one-sided agreement with the buyers of its New Town Heights project in Gurgaon.
The competition watchdog, which recently received the complaint against DLF, was planning to refer the case for further investigation by its director-general (investigation), official sources said. "The complainant has raised concerns about the agreement, saying it is one-sided and the charges are similar to the previous case involving DLF, where we had imposed a fine for abuse of dominance. This case will also be sent for investigation soon", a senior official, in the known of developments told in a press conference. DLF Real Estate Company had delayed the project and had built more floors than originally committed.

Competition Commission of India (CCI) is under the D.L.F. Company:

Below is given a passage followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.

Cardiovascular disease is so prevalent that virtually all businesses are likely to have employees who suffer from, or may develop, this condition. Research shows that between $50-80$ percent of all people who suffer a heart attack are able to return to work. However, this may not be possible if they have previously been involved in heavy physical work. In such cases, it may be possible to move the employee to lighter duties, with appropriate retraining where necessary. Similarly, high-pressure, stressful work, even where it does not involve physical activity, should also be avoided. Human Resource managers should be aware of the implications of job roles for employees with a cardiac condition.

Physical and stressful work definitely leads to a heart attack.

Below is given a passage followed by a possible inference that can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity. Mark answer:

$1)$ If the inference is "definitely true" i.e. it properly follows from the statement of facts given.

$2)$ If the inference is "probably true" though not "definitely true" in the light of the facts given.

$3)$ If the data is inadequate i.e. from the facts given, you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or false.

$4)$ If the inference is "probably false" though not "definitely false" in the light of the facts given.

$5)$ If the inference is "definitely false" i.e., either it cannot possibly be drawn from the facts given or it contradicts the given facts.

Passage: Cardiovascular disease is so prevalent that virtually all businesses are likely to have employees who suffer from, or may develop, this condition. Research shows that between $50-80$ percent of all people who suffer a heart attack are able to return to work. However, this may not be possible if they have previously been involved in heavy physical work. In such cases, it may be possible to move the employee to lighter duties, with appropriate retaining where necessary. Similarly, high-pressure, stressful work, where it does not involve physical activity, should also be avoided. Human Resource managers should be aware of the implications of job roles for employees with a cardiac condition.

Inference: Physical and stressful work definitely leads to a heart attack.

In the question which is given there are two event (A) and (B). These event may be either independent cause or may be effect of independent cause or a common cause. One of these event may be the effect of the other event. Read both the events and decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two events.
Mark answer:
(1) If event (A) is the cause and event (B) its effect.
(2) If event (B) is the cause and event (A) its effect.
(3) If both the event (A) and (B) are independent cause.
(4) If both the event (A) and (B) are effects of independent cause.
(5) If both the event (A) and (B) are effects of common cause.

Event (A): In a recent inter-state competition the state 'X' did not perform as per the expectations.
Event (B): Last year the state 'X' had ranked first in an inter-state competition.

Directions. For the conclusions following the passage, mark your answer
(1) if conclusion is definitely true
(2) if conclusion is probably true
(3) if data given are inadequate true
(4) if conclusion is probably false
(5) if conclusion is definitely false

Passage:
In the absence of an integrated sugar field to sale policy, the Indian sugar industry has become a victim of surplus production and price mismatch of sugar cane and finished sugar. Despite a lower estimated sugar production at around 12.8 million tonnes for 1996-97 against 16.7 million tonnes in the previous year, the total availability is put to 20.8 million tonnes including a carry over stock of 8 million tonnes from the previous year. Of this the domestic consumption may not exceed 13.5 million tonnes. Thought the industry could export 10.5 million tonnes to different countries during 1995-96, this year's export policy, existing norms and international market conditions may bring down the export quantity to half a million tonnes.

The quantum of current years sugar production is close to the envisaged.

Below is given some passages followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passages. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and then decide upon its degree of truth and falsity.
Mark your answer which suits you exactly.

India and other developing countries, while expressing their commitment to the up-gradation of labour standards, have been resisting the move to link international trade, not only with labour standards but also with environmental concerns and human rights. The move was set a foot on the successful conclusion of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations with a proposal for the inclusion of a social clause in the World Trade Organisation (WTO), which succeeds GATT. Later on, stiff opposition to the move on the ground that the matter did not fall in the area of trade, a proposal was mooted for the inclusion of a social clause in ILO.

India has been sidelined on the issue of linking international trade with labour.

Given below is one passage followed by several possible inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.

Real estate major DLF is once again being investigated by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) for allegedly misusing its dominant position in the market by drafting a one-sided agreement with the buyers of its New Town Heights project in Gurgaon.
The competition watchdog, which recently received the complaint against DLF, was planning to refer the case for further investigation by its director-general (investigation), official sources said. "The complainant has raised concerns about the agreement, saying it is one-sided and the charges are similar to the previous case involving DLF, where we had imposed a fine for abuse of dominance. This case will also be sent for investigation soon", a senior official, in the known of developments told in a press conference. DLF Real Estate Company had delayed the project and had built more floors than originally committed.

D.L.F. is the most important company in the Indian Real estate market.

Given below are pairs of events (A) and (B). You have to read both the events (A) and (B) and decide their nature of the relationship. You have to assume that the information is given in (A) and (B) is true, and you will not assume anything beyond the given information in deciding the answer. Mark answer which suits exactly.

Event (A): Government canceled the license of colleges X.
Event (B): For the past four years, the pass percentage of college X is less than 5%.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions which follow:

It is true that the green revolution has succeeded in transforming the Indian economy from a situation of severe food shortage into one where the country has not only become self-reliant in food production but has also been able to generate a sizeable surplus for export. However, the high doses of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which have been used under this 'conventional' farming technology (along with high yielding varieties of seeds and irrigation) are now reversing the trend and causing severe environmental and health hazards, including the contamination of groundwater.

Which of the following can be inferred? (An inference is something that is not directly stated but can be inferred from the given facts.)

Study the following information carefully and answer the question:

The centre reportedly wants to continue providing subsidy to consumers for cooking gas and kerosene for five more years. This is not good news from the point of view of reining in the fiscal deficit. Mounting subventions for subsidies means diversion of saving by the government from investment to consumption, raising the cost of capital in the process. The government must cut expenditure on subsidies to create more fiscal space for investments in both physical and social infrastructure. If should outline a plane for comprehensive reform in major subsidies including petroleum, food and fertilizers and set goal posts.

Which of the following is an inference which can be made from the facts stated in the above paragraph?

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:
It seen today that most of the parents wants to connect with their children's facebook account. and children complains that if they do not connect their parents or add their parents on their facebook friend list they would not be allowed to use the social networking sites, So if parents should be friends with the children on face book is an issue today.
A. face book is a social media and all the friends and family stay connected with most used form of media and get better way of exchanging their thoughts and views.
B. In the fast changing world, parents have very right to know about, what their children are doing, where they are going and facebook can be best Media to get the required information.
C. The communication and post on the face book helps the parents to understand the mindset of children and act according to that.
D. If the children stop their parents from posting or commenting on facebook they may feel bad or humiliated. At the very first step, they should not be friends with children on facebook.
E. There is so much of generation gap between the parents and children that they cannot understand the entire structure of face book. It will result in daily arguments and can hamper relationships. So its better that they do not connect on facebook.
F. Kids have the complete right to enjoy the privacy at an early stage.
G. As a person, children also don't like if anybody invades their privacy. If parents would forcibly try to interfere, it may sour the behavior of their children.
H. Parents should opt a medium way by which their children may also not feel that their parents are invading their privacy and they could also keep a check that their children are not doing anything wrong.
I. Parents should share their experiences with their children form time to time and should tell them the difference between right and wrong and should make them realise their responsibility.
J. If children don't want to add their parents on their facebook, they should not be forced to do that. Pressure should not be a part of friendship in any case.

In a highly centralized power structure, in which even senior cabinet ministers are prepared to reduce themselves to pathetic countries or yes men airing views that are primarily intended to anticipate or reflect the prime Minister's own performance's there can be no place for any consensus that is quite different from real or contrived unanimity of opinion expressed through a will orchestrated endorsement of the leader's actions.

Which of the following conclusion follows the above statement?
A. The ministers play safe by not giving anti government views.
B. The prime Minister does not encourage his colleagues to render their own views.