Electric Dipole

IMPORTANT

Electric Dipole: Overview

This topic covers concepts, such as, Force on a Dipole in Uniform Electric Field, Torque on a Dipole in Electric Field, Oscillation of a Dipole in Electric Field & Time Period of an Oscillating Dipole in Electric Field etc.

Important Questions on Electric Dipole

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The S.I unit of electric dipole moment is

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Which orientation of an electric dipole(p) in a uniform electric field(E) would correspond to stable equilibrium?

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Two point charges 4Q,Q are separated by 1 m in air at what point on the line joining the charges is the electric field intensity zero?

Also calculate the electrostatic potential energy of the system of charges, taking the value of charge,   Q=2× 10 7 C.

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An electric dipole of moment p is placed in an electric field of intensity E. The dipole acquires a position such that the axis of the dipole makes an angle θ with the direction of the field. Assuming that the potential energy of the dipole to be zero when θ = 9 0 o , the torque and the potential energy of the dipole will respectively be

MEDIUM
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For unstable equilibrium, basic two conditions are (what should be angle between P & E and U)

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When electric dipole is kept in uniform electric field such that torque is zero and potential energy is maximum then equilibrium is

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If an electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field ______ will act on the dipole.

HARD
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If an electric dipole is kept on the axis of a uniformly charged ring at distance R2 from the centre of the ring. The direction of the dipole moment is along the axis of the ring. The dipole moment is P, charge of the ring is Q and radius of the ring is R. The force on the dipole is

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Electric field on the axis of a small electric dipole at a distance r is E 1 and E 2 at a distance of 2r on a line of perpendicular bisector. Then

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Choose the correct statement.

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A tiny electric dipole (H2O molecule) of dipole moment p is placed at a distance r form an infinitely long wire, with its p normal to the wire in the same plane. If the linear charge density of the wire is λ, the electrostatic force acting on the dipole is equal to λpWπε0rK. Obtain the value of (W+K).

HARD
IMPORTANT

The dipole moment of a system of charge +q distributed uniformly on an arc of radius R subtending an angle π/2 at its centre where another charge -q is placed is x C m. Find the value of x. Given q=1 C, R=8πm

MEDIUM
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Three short electric dipoles, each of dipole moment P, are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side length L. Each dipole has its moment, oriented parallel to the opposite side of the triangle as shown in the fig. The electric field strength at the centroid of the triangle is aKPL3. Then value of a is :

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HARD
IMPORTANT

A point charge q of mass m is suspended vertically by a string of length . A point dipole of dipole moment p is now brought towards q from infinity so that the charge moves away. The final equilibrium position of the system including the direction of the dipole, the angles and distances is shown in the figure below. If the work done in bringing the dipole to this position is N×(mgh), where g is the acceleration due to gravity, then the value of N is (Note that for three coplanar forces keeping a point mass in equilibrium, Fsinθ is the same for all forces, where F is any one of the forces and θ is the angle between the other two forces) 

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IMPORTANT

An electric dipole of length 1 cm is placed with the axis making an angle of 30° to an electric field of strength 104 N C-1. If it experiences a torque of 103 N m, the potential energy (in joule) of the dipole is -x J. Find the value of x.

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A molecule of a substance has a permanent electric dipole moment equal to 10-29 C m. A mole of this substance is polarised (at low temperature) by applying a strong electrostatic field of magnitude 106 V m-1. The direction of the field is suddenly changed by an angle of 60°. Estimate the heat released by the substance in aligning its dipoles along the new direction of the field. For simplicity, assume 100% polarisation to the sample.

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If an electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field, it experiences:

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What is the unit of electric dipole moment?

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Electric field due to the electric dipole at the equatorial plane is given as:

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An electric dipole is formed by two equal and opposite charges q with separation d. The charges have same mass m. It is kept in a uniform electric field E. If it is slightly rotated from its equilibrium orientation, then its angular frequency to is :