Electric Potential and Potential Energy

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Electric Potential and Potential Energy: Overview

This topic covers concepts such as Electric Potential, Electric Potential due to a Point Charge at a Point, Electric Potential due to Two or More Charges at a Point, Electric Potential in Terms of Electric Field, etc.

Important Questions on Electric Potential and Potential Energy

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A particle of charge+q and mass m moving under the influence of a uniform electric field E i ^ and magnetic field B k ^ enters in I quadrant of a coordinate system at a point (0, a) with initial velocity v i ^ and leaves the quadrant at a point (2a, 0) with velocity - v j ^ .
Find Rate of work done by the electric field at point (0, a)

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The term ‘potential energy’ of charge ‘q’ at a distance ‘r’ in an external electric field can be defined as:.

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A charge +Q is placed on a large spherical conducting shell of radius R. Another small conducting sphere of radius r carrying charge q is introduced inside the large shell and is placed at its centre. The potential difference between two points, one lying on the sphere and the other on the shell would be:

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Two point charges   20× 10 6 C and   4× 10 6 C are separated by a distance of 50 cm in air.

(i) Find the point on the line joining the charges, where the electric potential is zero.

(ii) Also find the electrostatic potential energy of the system.

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Two point charges   4μCand2μC are separated by a distance of 1m in air. Calculate at what point on the line joining the two charges is the electric potential zero.

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Three charges, -q, Q and -q, are placed at equal distances, on a straight line. If the potential energy of the system of three charges is zero, then what is the ratio of Q:q?

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Two point charges q and -2q are located at a, 0,0 and 0,0,0 respectively. Assume that the potential V is vanishing at infinity. The correct statement about the V=0 surface (at finite distance) is:

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The potential for a point charge +q placed at a distance d from a grounded infinite conducting plate is

Vx,y,z=kq1x2+y2+z-d2-1x2+y2+z+d2

Here k=1/4πε0 is a constant. The maximum value of induced charge density on the conducting plate is

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A charge +q is distributed over a thin ring of radius r with line charge density λ=qsin2θ/(πr). Note that the ring is in the x-y plane and θ is the angle made by r with the x-axis. The work done by the electric force in displacing a point charge +Q from the center of the ring to infinity is
4. .

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A long wire with a uniform linear charge density λ is placed along the common axis of two long coaxial thin cylindrical shells of radii R1 and R2 (see figure). The outer shell carries a uniform surface charge density -λ/2πR2. Take the zero of the potential at infinity along the radial direction. The potential at a distance $r$ from the axis where R1<r<R2 is

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Three charges, -q, Q and -q, are placed at equal distances, on a straight line. If the potential energy of the system of three charges is zero, then what is the ratio of Q:q?

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The electric field due to an extended charge distribution spread over all space is given by
E=q4πε0r21+rλe-rλr^
Here λ and q are positive constants and the electrostatic potential is taken to be zero at infinity. Select the correct statement(s).

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Which of the following statements are correct? If the potential along the straight line joining the two charges Q1 and Q2, separated by a distance r, is represented as shown in the figure below.

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  1. Q1>Q2
  2. Q1 is positive in nature
  3. A and B are equilibrium points
  4. C is a point of unstable equilibrium along X axis.

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If the potential difference between the surface of hollow charged metal sphere of radius r and a point at a distance 3r from the centre is V, then the electric intensity at a distance 3r from the centre is-

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Two positive charges 12 μC and 8 μC are 10 cm apart. The work done in bringing them closer to 4 cm is

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An uncharged conductor $A$ is brought near a positively charged conductor $B$, then :

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When a charge 2 μC is carried from point A to point B, the amount of work done by the electric field is 50 μJ. What is the potential difference and which is at a higher potential?

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Electric potential due to point charge in air is expressed as V=14πε0·qr as V1r. i.e for r=0 to r= potential varies 

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The graph of variation of potential due to point charge vs distance is said to be symmetric

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The electrostatic energy of a nucleus of charge Ze is equal to kZ2e2/R, where k is a constant and R is the nuclear radius. The nucleus divides into two daughter nuclei of charges Ze/2 and equal radii. The change in electrostatic energy in the process when they are far apart is