Electricity

This topic states that electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge from one body to another. It flows from a higher to a lower electric potential. An electric circuit is a path for the transmission of current. It consists of various electrical components.

This topic discusses that electric potential at a point is the work done in moving a unit positive charge from infinity to the point in the electric field. Potential difference is the work done in moving a unit positive charge from one point to another in the same electric field.

This topic defines a circuit diagram. A circuit diagram represents an electric circuit. It includes symbols and connections. It consists of an electric cell or battery, keys, connecting wires, resistors, capacitors, inductors, ammeter, voltmeter, etc.

In this topic, we will learn that in Ohm’s law the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference at its ends. The constant of proportionality is called resistance. Variable resistance is used to regulate current without changing voltage.

This topic states that the resistance of a conductor is directly proportional to its length. It depends upon the nature of the material of a conductor. It depends upon the cross-sectional area of a conductor. It is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area.

This topic states that resistors can be combined in series or parallel combination. A series combination has electrical components connected end to end. A parallel circuit has electrical components, each having a common positive and negative terminal.

In this topic, we will learn that the heating effect of electric current involves the conversion of electrical energy into heat energy. The magnitude of current and resistance of a wire generate heat in the wire. This effect can be seen in electric bulbs.

This topic states that electric power is the rate of doing electric work when a current flows through a conductor. It is the amount of heat consumed in a resistor per unit time. Copper wires are used in domestic circuits to prevent overheating.

In this topic, we will study the different conductors and insulators of electricity. Conductors facilitate the free flow of electrons from one particle to another. On the contrary, insulators restrict this flow among particles.