Chemical Properties of Phenols

When sodium phenoxide is heated with carbon dioxide under pressure, sodium salicylate is obtained as major product. This on acidification given salicylic acid. This reaction is known as

​The electrophile involved in the above reaction is

​The electrophile involved in the above reaction is

The structure of the compound that gives a tribromo derivative on treatment with bromine water is –

The structure of the compound that gives a tribromo derivative on treatment with bromine water is

p-cresol reacts with chloroform in alkaline medium to give the compound $\mathrm{A}$ which adds hydrogen cyanide to form the compound$\mathrm{B}$ . The latter on acidic hydrolysis gives chiral carboxylic acid. The structure of the carboxylic acid is –

The major product obtained on interaction of phenol with sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide is –

Phenol, when it first reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid and then with concentrated nitric acid, gives

In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion : Phenols give $\mathrm{o}-$ and $\mathrm{p}-$nitrophenol on nitration with conc. ${\mathrm{HNO}}_3$ and ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$ mixture.
Reason : $—\mathrm{OH}$ group in phenol is $\mathrm{o}–, \mathrm{p}–$ directing.

Assertion : Phenol is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution reaction.
Reason : In the case of phenol, the intermediate arenium ion is more stabilized by resonance.

Assertion: Phenol is more acidic than ethanol.
Reason: Phenoxide ion is resonance stabilized.

The reaction sequence,

the major products $\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$, respectively, are

Why is the ionization constant of phenol higher than that of ethanol?

Reaction of phenol with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ followed by heating with ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ under high pressure, and subsequent acidification gives compound $\mathrm{X}$ as the major product, which can be purified by steam distillation. When reacted with acetic anhydride in the presence of a trace amount of conc. ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4 ,$ compound $\mathrm{X}$ produces $\mathrm{Y}$ as the major product. Compound $\mathrm{Y}$ is

Phenol on sulphonation at ${100}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ gives

Phenol is more acidic than that of ethanol because:

When carbolic acid is heated with concentrated nitric acid in presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, it forms

The major product of the following reaction is:

Main product of following reaction will be :