Ray Optics
Ray Optics: Overview
This topic covers concepts such as reflection of light, laws of reflection of light, second law of reflection, sign convention in mirrors, and co-ordinate convention.
Important Questions on Ray Optics
A ray of light moving along the unit vector undergoes refraction at an interface of two media, which is the plane. The refractive index for is while for , it is . The unit vector along which the refracted ray moves is

A ray of sunlight enters a spherical water droplet () at an angle of incidence measured with respect to the normal to the surface. It is reflected from the back surface of the droplet and re-enters into the air. The angle between the incoming and outgoing ray is [Take ]

A surveyor on one bank of canal observed the image of the 4 inch and 17 ft marks on a vertical staff, which is partially immersed in the water and held against the bank directly opposite to him, coincides. If the 17 ft mark and the surveyor's eye are both 6 ft above the water level, If the width of the canal is 10 + x, assuming that the refractive index of the water is 4/3, then find the value of x. Zero mark is at the bottom of the canal.

A beam of parallel rays of width b propagates in glass at over to air this face is _________ if the refractive index of glass is μ.v

When light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, which of the following parameter of light decreases:

A ray of light passes through four transparent media with refractive indices and as shown in the figure. The surfaces of all media are parallel. If the emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray , we must have

A monochromatic beam of light of wavelength in vacuum enters a medium of refractive index . In the medium its wavelength is __________, its frequency is ____________


A light of wavelength in air, enters a medium with refractive index . Inside the medium its frequency is and its wavelength is_______ .

If and are, respectively, the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of free space, and the corresponding quantities in a medium, the index of refraction of the medium in terms of the above parameters is

A light wave of frequency enters a medium of refractive index . In the medium the velocity of the light wave is ________________ and its wavelength is ______________

Where the origin is taken, while solving problem regarding the spherical mirror

A ray of light is incident towards a plane mirror at an angle of with the mirror surface.What will be the angle of reflection?

In a concave mirror for real images magnification is taken in respect of heights.

The upward distances perpendicular to the principal axis are taken as positive.

Distances measured in the direction of incident light are taken as _____, while distance measured opposite to the direction of the incident light are taken as negative.

According to the second law of reflection,angle of _____ is equal to the angle of reflection of light.

According to the second law of reflection, which angles will be equal?


Name the property of light by which it always travels in straight lines.
(Choose from: Rectilinear propagation/Interference)
