Jammu and Kashmir Board Class 11

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  • Written by Harshitha A
  • Last Modified on 3-05-2023
  • Written by Harshitha A
  • Last Modified on 3-05-2023

About Exam

About Exam

Exam Brief

The Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education (JKBOSE) administers the class 11 exam. JKBOSE is a self-governing body that functions under Jammu and Kashmir’s government administration. The public examinations for class 11 are held annually by JKBOSE in different schools affiliated with the board. The annual results for JKBOSE Class 11 Kashmir division was declared on March 28, 2022. The JKBOSE Class 11 Jammu division results were declared on April 8, 2022.

JKBOSE is responsible for discovering and nurturing talents, establishing affiliations, prescribing courses and syllabus, and improving the quality of infrastructure and education. JKBOSE conducts Class 11 exams in both Jammu and Kashmir divisions. JKBOSE 11th exams are held every year in December and March, and the board releases the exam date sheet on the Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education’s official website. Furthermore, the board provides the syllabus and exam pattern.

Brochure

The brochure of the examination of Jammu and Kashmir Board of 11th is currently not available.

Exam Summary

 

Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education (JKBOSE) Jammu, has released the official Class 11 date sheet Time Table for the upcoming exam. According to the time table, the JKBOSE Annual Class 11 exam 2022 for the students of the Summer Zone (Jammu Division) are scheduled to start from April 20 to May 13, 2022. All the necessary information related JKBOSE Class 11 exam and date sheet 2022 have been made available on their website. The examination will begin at 11.00 AM.

In the state of Jammu and Kashmir, the JKBOSE conducts the test twice a year. The examination is conducted by JKBOSE in two divisions: the Jammu division and the Kashmir division. The Winter division is Jammu and the summer division is Kashmir. Check out the table below for more details on JKBOSE 11th:

Examination Board

Jammu & Kashmir Board of Education 

Class 

11th 

Availability of timetable 

Theoretical and practical exams

Status 

Released

State 

Jammu & Kashmir

Exam Date

April 20 to May 13, 2022

Mode of Declaration

Online

Official website 

jkbose.nic.in

Release date of timetable

March 21, 2022

 

Official Website Link

https://jkbose.nic.in/

Embibe Notice Board/Notification

Test

Latest Update

  • March 27, 2023: JKBOSE Class 11 Hard Zone date sheet announced.
  • January 9, 2023: The JKBOSE Class 11 hard zone areas exam will take place from April 10, 2023. Meanwhile, the JKBOSE Class 11 soft zone areas exam will take place from March 6, 2023.

Exam Syllabus

Exam Syllabus

Exam Syllabus

Students who are taking the Class 11 exam with the Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education can find the complete syllabus here. JKBOSE 11th Syllabus is accessible in PDF format on the official website, jkbose.nic.in.

English Syllabus

Class – XI 

Time: 3 Hours 

Max Marks: 100 – 80 (Theory) +20 (Internal Assessment)

GENERAL ENGLISH

Q No DESCRIPTION Weightage
SECTION A: READING COMPREHENSION 20 marks
1 For note-taking (5 points) and summarising, one unseen passage of 400-500 words in length is required (5 marks). 10
2 One unread prose piece of 400-500 words followed by five-ten objective type questions assessing comprehension, vocabulary, interpretation, and inference (MCQs, fill-ups, true/false, yes/no).
OR
One unknown poem piece of 15-30 lines, followed by five multiple-choice questions and five objective type questions to measure understanding, interpretation, and inference.
10
SECTION B: WRITING SKILLS AND GRAMMAR 30 marks
3 One out of two questions on notice/ poster/ advertisement. (50 words) 4
4 One of two questions on letter writing (business or official letters for making inquiries, registering complaints, asking for and giving information, placing orders and sending replies, letters to the editor offering suggestions/opinions on an issue; letters to the school or college authorities regarding admissions, school issues, requirements/suitability of courses, and so on.) (between 120 and 150 words) 6
5 One question about composing a personal email (to a friend, relative, or someone else). (50-80 words) 4
6 One out of two questions on article/speech/report/ narrative/debate writing. (200-250 words) 8
7 Determiners, tenses, punctuation, modals, conjunctions, and prepositions are all assessed through error correction in one paragraph of 100-150 words. (eight things) 8
SECTION C: LITERATURE 30 marks
8 An excerpt from one of the prescribed poems followed by three objective type questions (two of which must be tried) that measure comprehension and appreciation of the context. 2
9 To measure inference and critical thinking, five out of six short response type questions (four each from Hornbill and Snapshots) based on poetry, prose, and plays were used. 10
10 Hornbill uses one of two lengthy response questions to test overall comprehension and extrapolation beyond the readings. Using episodes, events, and themes as reference points, ask learners questions to give evaluative and analytical stimuli. (between 120 and 150 words) 6
11 One of two long answer questions from Snapshots that are based on instances or events to measure overall comprehension and extrapolation beyond the texts.
To inspire innovative responses and the ability to form opinions, ask questions. (120-150 words)
6
12 Hornbill provides evaluative and analytical stimuli to learners using situations, events, and themes as reference points in one of two lengthy response questions. (between 120 and 150 words) 6


Internal Assessment

Assessment of Listening and Speaking Skills will be for 20 marks. Practice and assessment are to be based on the activities included in the prescribed textbooks and by taking recourse to various resources and techniques available in the school.

Suggested Reading 

For grammar, teachers and students can refer to any standard grammar textbook for further reading and clarification of concepts. Some of the books include:

  • English Grammar in Use by Raymond Murphy (published by Cambridge University Press). 
  • Oxford Practice Grammar by John Eastwood published (Oxford University Press).
  • Grammar Practice Activities by Penny Ur (Cambridge University Press). 
  • A Practical English Grammar by Thomson and Martinet (Oxford University Press).
  • High School English Grammar by Wren and Martin (S Chand Publishing).

Prescribed Textbooks

  1. Hornbill: Textbook published by NCERT, New Delhi.
  2. Snapshots: Supplementary Reader published by NCERT, New Delhi.

Mathematics Syllabus

Sl. No Unit Topics
I Sets Sets and their representationsEmpty setFinite and infinite sets Equal sets Subsets Subsets of a set of real numbers, especially intervals (with notations)Power setUniversal set Venn diagrams Union and Intersection of sets Difference of sets Complement of a set
II Relations and Functions Ordered pairsCartesian product of sets Number of elements in the cartesian product of two finite sets Cartesian product of the reals with itself (up to RxRxR)Definition of relationPictorial diagrams
Domain, co-domain and range of relation
Function as a special kind of relation from one set to another
Pictorial representation of a function
Domain and co-domain and range of a function – Real valued function of the real variable – domain and range of these functions
Constant identity, polynomial, rational, modulus, signum and greatest integer functions with their graphs
Sum, difference product and quotients of functions
III Trigonometric Functions Positive and negative angles
Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another
Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle
Truth of the identity sin2x + cos2x = 1, for all x
Signs of trigonometric functions and sketches of their graphs
Expressing sin (x+y)and cos (x+y) in terms of sin x, sin y, cos x and cos y.
Deducing the following identities.
IV Principle of Mathematical Induction Principle of mathematical induction and simple applications
V Permutations and Combinations Fundamental principle of counting
Factorial n
Permutations and combinations
Derivation of formulae and their connections Simple applications
VI Complex Numbers and Linear inequalities Need for complex numbers, especially to be motivated by inability to solve every quadratic equation
Brief description of algebraic properties of complex numbers
Argand plane and polar representation of complex numbers
Statement of Fundamental Theorem of Algebra Solution of quadratic equation in the complex number system
Linear inequalities
Algebraic solution of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation on the number line
Graphical solution of linear inequalities in two variables
Solution of a system of linear inequalities in two variables- graphically
VII Limits and Derivatives Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically Intuitive idea of limit
Definition of derivative, relate it to slope of tangent of the curve
Derivative of sum, difference, product and quotient of functions
Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions
VIII Co-ordinate Geometry (Straight Line) Brief recall of 2D from earlier classes
Slope of a line and angle between two lines Various forms of equations of a line, parallel to axes, point-slope form, slope-intercept form, two-point form, intercepts form and normal form
General equation of a line
Distance of a point from a line
IX Conic Sections (Circles) Parabola, Ellipse, Hyperbola Sections of a cone
Circles, Ellipse, Parabola, Hyperbola, a point, a straight line and a pair of intersecting lines as a degenerate case of a conic section
Standard equations and simple properties of Parabola
Ellipse and hyperbola
Standard equation of a circle
X Probability Random experiments: Outcomes, Simple spaces (set representation)
Events: Occurrence of events ‘not,’ ‘and’ ‘or’ events
Mutually exclusive events
Axiomatic (set theoretic) probability
Connections with the theories of earlier classes, Probability of an event
Probability of ‘not’, ‘and’ & ‘or’ events.
XI Statistics Measure of dispersion: mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of ungrouped/ grouped data
Analysis of frequency distributions with equal means but different variances.
XII Binomial Theorem History, Statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices
Pascal’s triangle
General and middle term in binomial expansion simple applications
XIII Sequences and Series Sequence and Series. Arithmetic Progression (A.P.), Arithmetic Mean (A.M). Geometric progression (G.P)
General term of a G.P sum of n terms if a G.P. Geometric mean (G.M)
Relation between A.M. and G.M
Sum to n terms of the special series: n,n2 and n3
XIV Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry Coordinates axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions.
Coordinates of a point
Distance between two points and section formula
XV Mathematical Reasoning Mathematically acceptable statements
Connecting words/phrases- consolidating the understanding of “if and only if (necessary and sufficient) conditions”, “implies,” “and/or”, “Implied by,” “and,” “or”, “there exists” and their use through a variety of examples related to real life and Mathematics
Validating the statements involving the connecting words – difference between contradiction, converse and contrapositive.

Environmental Science Syllabus

Sl. No Unit Topics
I Understanding Environment Concept of Environment and its types; physical, biological; and social environment
Scope and importance of Environmental Science. Components of the environment.
a. Lithosphere
b. Hydrosphere
c. Atmosphere
d. Biosphere
Origin of Earth
Human and environment relationship
II Ecology Ecology (definition and types)
Concept and structure of ecosystem)
Trophic relationship (food chain, food web, ecological pyramids)
Functions of ecosystem (energy flow in an ecosystem)
Ecological Succession (types and stages)
III Ecological Interactions and Adaptations Ecological interaction and its types
Interspecific interaction: positive interaction (mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism, symbiosis and scavenging), negative interaction (parasitism, Competition and ammensalism)
Intraspecific interaction: cooperation and competitive
Adaptations: concept and need
Types of adaptations (with special reference to wind, light and temperature)
IV Population Ecology Concept of species, population and communities. Population Dynamics (population size and density, dispersion, natality, mortality, age structure)
Population growth (exponential and logistic growth)
Factors regulating population growth (competition, weather and climate, territory, predation, natural disasters and diseases)
Human population growth (Malthusian theory and neo- Malthusian theory, Demographic Transition)
V Energy Resources Concept of energy resources
Non- renewable energy resources: coal, petroleum, natural gas
Renewable energy resources (solar wind and hydropower)
Nuclear energy (uses and limitations)
Biofles
VI Earth’s Environment and Natural Disasters Atmosphere: structure and composition
Hydrosphere: distribution, hydrological cycle
Lithosphere: structure
Biogeochemical cycles (Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorous)
Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods and volcanoes)
VII Environmental education and Awareness Concept and need of environmental education
Formal and informal means of environmental education
Modes of environmental awareness
Role of NGOs
Environmental movements (Chipko movement, Narmada Bachao Andolan)
VIII Environmental Health Concept of health and disease
Waterborne diseases (Cholera, Hepatitis, Typhoid)
Air borne diseases (Influenza, Tuberculosis)
Soil-borne disease (Tetanus; Botulism)
Occupational diseases (Silicosis, Asbestosis)
IX Natural Resources Forest resources (types and uses)
Animal resources (fish and livestock)
Water resources (fresh and marine)
Mineral resources (type and uses)
Medicinal plants (with special reference to J&K)
X Managing Agriculture Concept of traditional and modern agriculture
Green revolution and white revolution
Pesticides and fertilisers (types, advantages and disadvantages)
Integrated pest control
Food security

Practicals

  1. Study of density and abundance of different plant species, in particular, using the quadrat method. 
  2. Determination of water, air and soil temperature. 
  3. Collection of locally available herbal plants and preparation of herbarium.
  4. Field work and visit to national park/ wildlife sanctuary/ STP/ water body and preparation of a field report. 
  5. Visit to a nearby primary or middle school to impart environmental awareness. 
  6. Documentation of agricultural crops, fertilisers and pesticides used in your locality.

Physics Syllabus

Unit Title Topics
Unit–I Mathematical Tools
  • Functions, Limits of function
  • Simple ideas of differentiation integration
  • Simple idea of definite integral.
Unit–II Physical World and Measurement :
Chapter–1: Physical World
Chapter–2: Units and Measurements
  • Physics-scope and excitement
  • Nature of physical laws
  • Physics, technology and society
  • Need for measurement
  • Units of measurement
  • Systems of units
  • SI units
  • Fundamental and
  • derived units
  • Length, mass and time measurements
  • Accuracy and precision of measuring instruments
  • Errors in measurement
  • Significant figures
  • Dimensions of physical quantities
  • Dimensional analysis and its applications.
Unit–III Kinematics:
Chapter–3: Motion in a Straight Line
Chapter–4: Motion in a Plane
  • Frame of reference
  • Motion in a straight line
  • Position-time graph, speed and velocity.
  • Differentiation and integration for characterising motion, uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, evenly accelerated motion, velocity-time and position-time graphs are all covered.
  • Relations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment).
  • Scalar and vector quantities
  • Position and displacement vectors
  • General vectors and their notations
  • Equality of vectors
  • Multiplication of vectors by a real number
  • Addition and
  • subtraction of vectors
  • Relative velocity, Unit vector
  • Resolution of a vector in a plane,
  • rectangular components
  • Scalar and Vector product of vectors.
Unit–IV Laws of Motion
Chapter–5: Laws of Motion
  • Intuitive concept of force
  • Inertia
  • Newton’s first law of motion
  • Momentum and Newton’s second law of motion
  • Impulse
  • Newton’s third law of motion.
  • Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications.
  • Equilibrium of concurrent forces
  • Static and kinetic friction
  • Laws of friction
  • Rolling friction
  • Lubrication
Unit–V Work, Energy and Power
Chapter–6: Work, Energy and Power
  • Work done by a constant force and a variable force
  • Kinetic energy
  • Work-energy theorem
  • Power
  • Notion of potential energy
  • Potential energy of a spring
  • Conservative forces
  • Conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies)
  • Non-conservative forces
  • Motion in a vertical circle
  • Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions
Unit–VI The motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body
Chapter–7: System of Particles and Rotational Motion
  • Centre of mass of a two-particle system
  • Momentum conservation and centre of mass motion.
  • Centre of mass of a rigid body
  • Centre of mass of a uniform rod
  • Moment of a force, torque
  • Angular momentum
  • Law of conservation of angular momentum and its applications.
  • Equilibrium of rigid bodies
  • Rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion
  • Comparison of linear and rotational motions
  • Moment of inertia
  • Radius of gyration
  • Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical

objects (no derivation).

  • Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications.
Unit–VII Gravitation
Chapter–8: Gravitation
  • Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, universal law of gravitation.
  • Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth.
  • Gravitational potential energy and gravitational potential
  • Escape velocity
  • Orbital velocity of a satellite
  • Geo-stationary satellites.
Unit–VIII Properties of Bulk Matter
Chapter–9: Mechanical Properties of Solids
Chapter–10: Mechanical Properties of Fluids
Chapter–11: Thermal Properties of Matter
  • Elastic behaviour
  • Stress-strain relationship
  • Hooke’s law
  • Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus of rigidity
  • Poisson’s ratio
  • Elastic energy
  • Pressure due to a fluid column
  • Pascal’s law and its applications (hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes)
  • Effect of gravity on fluid pressure.
  • Heat, temperature
  • Thermal expansion
  • Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases
  • Anomalous expansion of water
  • Specific heat capacity
  • Cp, Cv – calorimetry
  • Change of state – latent heat capacity.
Unit–IX Thermodynamics
Chapter–12: Thermodynamics
  • Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of thermodynamics)
  • Heat, work and internal energy
  • First law of thermodynamics
  • Isothermal and adiabatic processes
  • Second law of thermodynamics
  • Reversible and irreversible processes
  • Heat engine and refrigerator
Unit–X The behaviour of Perfect Gases and Kinetic Theory of Gases
Chapter–13: Kinetic Theory
  • Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done in compressing a gas.
  • Kinetic theory of gases
  • Assumptions
  • Concept of pressure
  • Kinetic interpretation of Temperature
  • RMS speed of gas molecules
  • Degrees of freedom
  • Law of equipartition of energy (statement only) and application to specific heat capacities of gases
  • Concept of mean free path
  • Avogadro’s number.
Unit–XI Oscillations and Waves
Chapter–14: Oscillations
Chapter–15: Waves
  • Periodic motion – time period
  • Frequency
  • Displacement as a function of time
  • Periodic functions
  • Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M) and its equation
  • Phase
  • Oscillations of a loaded spring-restoring force and force constant.
  • Reflection of light
  • Spherical mirrors
  • Mirror formula
  • Refraction of light
  • Total internal reflection and its applications
  • Optical fibres
  • Refraction at spherical surfaces
  • Lenses
  • Thin lens formula
  • Lensmaker’s formula
  • Magnification
  • Power of a lens
  • Combination of thin lenses in contact
  • Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.

Chemistry Syllabus

Sl. No Unit Topics
I Some basic Concepts of Chemistry
  • General introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry
  • Nature of matter
  • Laws of chemical combination
  • Dalton’s atomic theory
  • Concept of elements, atoms, molecules
  • Atomic and molecular masses
  • Mole concept and molar mass
  • Percentage composition
  • Empirical and molecular formula
  • Chemical reactions
  • Stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry
II Structure of Atom
  • Discovery of electron, proton and neutron
  • Atomic number
  • Isotopes and isobars
  • Thomson’s model and its limitations
  • Rutherford’s model and its limitations
  • Bohr’s model and its limitations
  • Concept of shells and subshells
  • Dual nature of matter and light
  • De Broglie’s relationship
  • Concept of orbitals
III Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
  • Significance of classification
  • Brief history of the development of periodic table
  • Modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table
  • Ionic radii
  • Inert gas radii
  • Ionization enthalpy
  • Electron gain enthalpy
  • Electronegativity
  • Valency
IV Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
  • Valence electrons
  • Ionic bond
  • Covalent bond
  • Bond parameters
  • Covalent character of ionic bond
  • Valence bond theory
  • Geometry of covalent molecules
  • Concept of hybridization
  • Molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only)
  • Hydrogen bond
V States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
  • Three states of matter
  • Intermolecular interactions
  • Types of bonding
  • Melting and boiling points
  • Boyle’s law
  • Charles law
  • Gay lussac’s law
  • Ideal behaviour
  • Empirical derivation of gas equation
  • Avogadro’s number
  • Deviation from ideal behaviour
  • Liquid state – vapour pressure
  • Viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations)
VI Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques
  • General Introduction
  • Methods of purification
  • Qualitative and quantitative analysis
  • Classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds
  • Electronic displacements in a covalent bond
  • Inductive effect
  • Electromeric effect
  • Resonance and hyperconjugation
  • Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond
  • Carbocations
  • Carbanions
  • Electrophiles and nucleophiles
  • Types of organic reactions
VII Hydrogen
  • Position of hydrogen in periodic table
  • Occurrence
  • Isotopes
  • Preparation
  • Properties and uses of hydrogen
  • Hydrides-ionic covalent and interstitial
  • Physical and chemical properties of water
  • Heavy water
  • Hydrogen peroxide-preparation
  • Reactions and structure and use
  • Hydrogen as a fuel
VIII Chemical Thermodynamics
  • System concepts and types
  • Surroundings
  • Work
  • Heat
  • Energy
  • Extensive and intensive qualities and state functions are all covered
  • Internal energy and enthalpy
  • Measuring U and H
  • Hess’s law of constant heat summation
  • Enthalpy of bond dissociation
  • Combustion
  • Formation
  • Atomization
  • Sublimation
  • Phase transition
  • Ionisation
  • Solution and dilution are all covered under the first law of thermodynamics
  • Thermodynamics’ second law (brief introduction)
  • Gibb’s energy change for spontaneous and nonspontaneous processes
  • Introduction of entropy as a state function
  • Thermodynamics’ third law (brief introduction)
IX Equilibrium
  • Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes
  • Dynamic nature of equilibrium
  • Law of mass action
  • Equilibrium constant
  • Factors affecting equilibrium
  • Ionization of poly basic acids
  • Acid strength
  • Concept of pH
  • Henderson Equation
  • Solubility product
X Redox Reactions
  • Concept of oxidation and reduction
  • Redox reactions
  • Oxidation number
  • Balancing redox reactions
  • In terms of loss and gain of electrons and change in oxidation number
  • Applications of redox reactions
XI s-Block Elements
  • Group 1 and Group 2 Elements in Introduction
  • Electronic configuration
  • Occurrence
  • Anomalous properties of the first element of each group
  • Diagonal relationship
  • Trends in property variation (such as ionisation enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii)
  • Trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen
  • Water
  • Hydrogen and halogens and applications
XII Some p-Block Elements
  • Introduction to p-Block Elements in General
  • Group 13 Elements: Overview, electronic configuration, occurrence, property fluctuation, oxidation states, chemical reactivity trends, anomalous features of the group’s founding element, Boron – physical and chemical properties.
  • Group 14 Elements: Overview, electronic configuration, occurrence, property variation, oxidation states, chemical reactivity trends, and anomalous behaviour of the initial elements. Allotropic structures, physical and chemical characteristics, carbon-catenation
XIII Hydrocarbons
  • Hydrocarbon classification
  • Aliphatic hydrocarbons (also known as aliphatic hydrocarbons) are a
  • Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (only for ethane), physical properties, and chemical reactions of alkanes.
  • Alkenes–Nomenclature, double bond structure (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: hydrogen addition, halogen addition, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition
  • Alkynes–Nomenclature, triple bond structure (ethyne), physical features, techniques of synthesis, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides, and water
  • Introduction to aromatic hydrocarbons, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: electrophilic substitution process In monosubstituted benzene, nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation, and the directional influence of functional groups Toxicity and carcinogenicity
XIV Environmental Chemistry
  • Environmental pollution – air, water and soil pollution
  • Chemical reactions in atmosphere
  • Smog
  • Major atmospheric pollutants
  • Acid rains
  • Ozone and its reaction
  • Effects of depletion of ozone layer
  • Greenhouse effect and global warming pollution due to industrial wastes
  • Green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution
  • Strategies for control of environment pollution

Biology Syllabus

Sl. No     
Unit    
Topics
SECTION A: BOTANY
   
I   
   
Diversity of Life   
   
The Living World
   Biological Classification
   Plant Kingdom
   Animal Kingdom   
   
II   
   
Kingdom Plantae   
   
Salient features and classification of plants   into major groups – Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and   Angiospermae (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least   two examples of each category); Angiosperms – classification up to class,   characteristic features and examples.   
   
III   
   
Anatomy of flowering plants   
   
Morphology and modifications: Morphology of   different parts of flowering plants: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower,   fruit and seed (to be dealt along with the relevant experiment of the   Practical Syllabus).
   Anatomy of Flowering Plants: Anatomy and functions of different tissues and   tissue systems.   
   
IV   
   
Mineral Nutrition   
   
Essential minerals, macro and micro nutrients and   their role; deficiency symptoms; mineral toxicity; elementary idea of   hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; nitrogen metabolism,   nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation.   
   
SECTION B: ZOOLOGY   
   
I   
   
Diversity in living world   
   
What is living? Biodiversity; Need for   classification; three domains of life; taxonomy and systematics; concept of   species and taxonomic hierarchy; binomial nomenclature; tools for study of   taxonomy museums, zoological parks, herbaria, botanical gardens.   
   
II   
   
Cell-Structure and Function   
   
Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life:   Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Plant cell and animal cell;   cell envelope; cell membrane, cell wall; cell organelles – structure and   function; endomembrane system, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies,   lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies;   cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultrastructure and function);   nucleus.
   Chemical constituents of living cells: biomolecules, structure and function   of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes Types, properties,   enzyme action.
   Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.   
   
III   
   
Histology and Morphology   
   
Morphology of different parts of flowering   plants: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed (to be dealt   along with the relevant experiment of the Practical Syllabus).   
   
IV   
   
Human Physiology   
   
Digestion and Absorption: Alimentary canal and   digestive glands, role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis,   digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats;   calorific values of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; egestion; nutritional   and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice,   diarrhoea.
   Breathing and Exchange of Gases: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only);   Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in   humans – exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration,   respiratory volume; disorders related to respiration – asthma, emphysema,   occupational respiratory disorders.
   Body Fluids and Circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation   of blood; composition of lymph and its function; human circulatory system –   Structure of human heart and blood vessels; cardiac cycle, cardiac output,   ECG; double circulation; regulation of cardiac activity; disorders of   circulatory system – hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris,   heart failure.
   Excretory Products and Their Elimination: Modes of excretion – ammonotelism,   ureotelism, uricotelism; human excretory system – structure and function;   urine formation, osmoregulation; regulation of kidney function – renin –   angiotensin, atrial natriuretic factor, ADH and diabetes insipidus; role of   other organs in excretion; disorders – uraemia, renal failure, renal calculi,   nephritis; dialysis and artificial kidney, kidney transplant.
   Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement – ciliary, flagellar, muscular;   skeletal muscle contractile proteins and muscle contraction; skeletal system   and its functions; joints; disorders of muscular and skeletal system –   myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout.
   Neural Control and Coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans   – central nervous system; peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous   system; generation and conduction of nerve impulse; reflex action; sensory   perception; sense organs; elementary structure and functions of eye and ear.
   Chemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine glands and hormones; human   endocrine system – hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid,   adrenal, pancreas, gonads; mechanism of hormone action (elementary idea);   role of hormones as messengers and regulators, hypo – and hyperactivity and   related disorders; dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic   goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease.   

 

Exam Blueprint

You can find the blueprints of Class 11 Jammu and Kashmir given below:

ENGLISH

Section    
Competencies   
   
Total Marks   
   
Reading Comprehension    
   
Conceptual understanding, decoding, Analyzing, inferring,   interpreting, appreciating, literary, conventions and vocabulary, summarizing   and using appropriate format/s   
   
20 Marks   
   
Writing Skill and Grammar    
   
Reasoning, appropriacy of style and tone, using and tone, using   appropriate format and fluency, inference, analysis, evaluation and   creativity   
   
30 Marks   
   
Literature Textbook and Supplementary Reader Text   
   
Recalling, reasoning, appreciating literary convention, inference,   analysis, creativity with fluency   
   
30 Marks   
   
Total   
   
80 Marks   
 
   
Assessment of Listening and Speaking Skills    
   
–   
   
20 Marks   
   
Grand Total   
   
100 Marks   
 

MATHEMATICS

Sl. No    
Unit   
   
Marks   
   
I   
   
Sets    
   
6   
   
II   
   
Relations and Functions   
   
6   
   
III   
   
Trigonometric Functions   
   
12   
   
IV   
   
Principle of Mathematical Induction   
   
4   
   
V   
   
Permutations and Combinations   
   
6   
   
VI   
   
Complex Numbers and Linear inequalities   
   
6   
   
VII   
   
Limits and Derivatives   
   
10   
   
VIII   
   
Coordinate Geometry (Straight Line)   
   
6   
   
IX   
   
Conic Sections (Circles) Parabola, Ellipse, Hyperbola   
   
10   
   
X   
   
Probability    
   
6   
   
XI   
   
Statistics   
   
6   
   
XII   
   
Binomial Theorem   
   
6   
   
XIII   
   
Sequences and Series   
   
8   
   
XIV   
   
Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry   
   
4   
   
XV   
   
Mathematical Reasoning   
   
4   

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 

Sl. No    
Unit   
   
Marks   
   
I   
   
Sets    
   
6   
   
II   
   
Relations and Functions   
   
6   
   
III   
   
Trigonometric Functions   
   
12   
   
IV   
   
Principle of Mathematical Induction   
   
4   
   
V   
   
Permutations and Combinations   
   
6   
   
VI   
   
Complex Numbers and Linear inequalities   
   
6   
   
VII   
   
Limits and Derivatives   
   
10   
   
VIII   
   
Coordinate Geometry (Straight Line)   
   
6   
   
IX   
   
Conic Sections (Circles) Parabola, Ellipse, Hyperbola   
   
10   
   
X   
   
Probability    
   
6   
   
XI   
   
Statistics   
   
6   
   
XII   
   
Binomial Theorem   
   
6   
   
XIII   
   
Sequences and Series   
   
8   
   
XIV   
   
Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry   
   
4   
   
XV   
   
Mathematical Reasoning   
   
4   

PHYSICS

Sl. No    
Unit   
   
Marks   
   
I   
   
Mathematical Tools   
   
4   
   
II   
   
Physical World and Measurement   
   
5   
   
III   
   
Kinematics   
   
7   
   
IV   
   
Laws of Motion   
   
7   
   
V   
   
Work, Energy and Power   
   
6   
   
VI   
   
Motion of system of particles and Rigid body   
   
6   
   
VII   
   
Gravitation   
   
6   
   
VIII   
   
Properties of Bulk Matter   
   
7   
   
IX   
   
Thermodynamics   
   
6   
   
X   
   
Behaviour of perfect gas and Kinetic theory   
   
6   
   
XI   
   
Oscillation and waves   
   
10   
   
PRACTICALS   
   
30   
 
   
Total   
   
100   
 

CHEMISTRY

Sl. No    
Unit   
   
Marks   
   
I   
   
Some basic concepts of Chemistry   
   
5   
   
II   
   
Structure of Atom   
   
5   
   
III   
   
Classification of element and periodicity in properties   
   
5   
   
IV   
   
Chemical bonding and molecular structure   
   
5   
   
V   
   
States of Matter: Gases and Liquids   
   
6   
   
VI   
   
Thermodynamics   
   
4   
   
VII   
   
Equilibrium   
   
5   
   
VIII   
   
Redox Reactions   
   
2   
   
IX   
   
Hydrogen   
   
2   
   
X   
   
s-BLock Elements (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)   
   
6   
   
XI   
   
Some p-Block Elements   
   
5   
   
XII   
   
Organic Chemistry – Some basic principles and techniques   
   
9   
   
XIII   
   
Hydrocarbons   
   
9   
   
XIV   
   
Environmental Chemistry   
   
2   
   
PRACTICALS   
   
30   
 
   
Total   
   
100   
 

BIOLOGY

Sl. No    
Unit   
   
Marks   
   
SECTION A: BOTANY   
   
35 Marks   
   
I   
   
Diversity of Life   
   
8   
   
II   
   
Kingdom Plantae   
   
9   
   
III   
   
Anatomy of flowering plants   
   
8   
   
IV   
   
Mineral Nutrition   
   
10   
   
SECTION B: ZOOLOGY   
   
35 Marks   
   
I   
   
Diversity in living world   
   
8   
   
II   
   
Cell-Structure and Function   
   
10   
   
III   
   
Histology and Morphology   
   
7   
   
IV   
   
Human Physiology   
   
10   
   
PRACTICALS   
   
30 Marks   
   
TOTAL   
   
100 Marks   

Practical/Experiments list & Model writeup

Biology Experiments

  1. Experimentation List
  1. Study and description of three locally available common flowering plants, one from each of the families Solanaceae, Fabacceae and Liliaceae (Poaceae, Asteraceae or Brassicaceae can be substituted in case of particular geographical location) including dissection and display of floral whorls, anther and ovary to show number of chambers (floral formulae and floral diagrams). Types of root (Tap and adventitious); stem (herbaceous and woody); leaf (arrangement, shape, venation, simple and compound).
  2. Preparation and study of T.S. of dicot and monocot roots and stems (primary). 
  3. Study of osmosis by potato osmometer. 
  4. Study of plasmolysis in epidermal peels (e.g. Rhoeo leaves). 
  5. Study of distribution of stomata in the upper and lower surface of leaves. 
  6. Comparative study of the rates of transpiration in the upper and lower surface of leaves. 
  7. Test for the presence of sugar, starch, proteins and fats. Detection in suitable plant and animal materials. 
  8. Separation of plant pigments through paper chromatography. 
  9. Study of the rate of respiration in flower buds/leaf tissue and germinating seeds.
  10. Test for presence of urea in urine. 
  11. Test for presence of sugar in urine. 
  12. Test for presence of albumin in urine. 
  13. Test for presence of bile salts in urine.
  1. Study/observation of the following (spotting) 
  1. Study of the parts of a compound microscope. 
  2. Study of the specimens/slides/models and identification with reasons – Bacteria, Oscillatoria, Spirogyra, Rhizopus, mushroom, yeast, liverwort, moss, fern, pine, one monocotyledonous plant, one dicotyledonous plant and one lichen. 
  3. Study of virtual specimens/slides/models and identification with reasons – Amoeba, Hydra, liver fluke, Ascaris, leech, earthworm, prawn, silkworm, honeybee, snail, starfish, shark, rohu, frog, lizard, pigeon and rabbit. 
  4. Study of tissues and diversity in shapes and sizes of plant and animal cells (palisade cells, guard cells, parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, xylem, phloem, squamous epithelium, muscle fibres and mammalian blood smear) through temporary/permanent slides. 
  5. Study of mitosis in onion root tip cells and animal cells (grasshopper) from permanent slides. 
  6. Study of different modifications in roots, stems and leaves. 
  7. Study and identification of different types of inflorescence (cymose and racemose). 
  8. Study of imbibition in seeds/raisins. 
  9. Observation and comments on the experimental set up for showing: a) Anaerobic respiration b) Phototropism c) Effect of apical bud removal 
  10. Study of human skeleton and different types of joints with the help of virtual images/models only. 
  11. Study of external morphology of cockroaches through virtual images/models.

Chemistry Experiments

Experimentation List

Micro-chemical methods are available for several practical experiments. Wherever possible such techniques should be used: 

  1. Basic Laboratory Techniques 
  2. Cutting glass tube and glass rod 
  3. Bending a glass tube 
  4. Drawing out a glass jet 
  5. Boring a cork 
  6. Characterisation and Purification of Chemical Substances 
  7. Determination of melting point of an organic compound. 
  8. Determination of boiling point of an organic compound. 
  9. Crystallization of impure samples of any one of the following: Alum, Copper Sulphate, Benzoic Acid. 
  10. Experiments based on pH 
  1. Any one of the following experiments: 
  • Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices, solution of known and varied concentrations of acids, bases and salts using pH paper or universal indicator. 
  • Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of the same concentration. 
  • Study the pH change in the titration of a strong base using a universal indicator. 
  1. Study the pH change by common-ion in case of weak acids and weak bases. 
  2. Chemical Equilibrium 

One of the following experiments: 

  • Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate ions by increasing/decreasing the concentration of either of the ions. 
  • Study the shift in equilibrium between [Co(H2O)6]2+ and chloride ions by changing the concentration of either of the ions. 
  1. Quantitative Estimation 
  1. Using a chemical balance. 
  2. Preparation of standard solution of Oxalic acid. 
  3. Determination of strength of a given solution of Sodium Hydroxide by titrating it against a standard solution of Oxalic acid. 
  4. Preparation of standard solution of Sodium Carbonate. 
  5. Determination of strength of a given solution of Hydrochloric acid by titrating it against standard Sodium Carbonate solution.
  1. Qualitative Analysis 
  • Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt 
  • Cations-Pb2+, Cu2+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, [NH4]+
  • Anions-[CO3] 2-, S2- ,[SO3]2- , [SO4]2-, [NO3]- , Cl, Br, I, [PO4] 3- , [C2O4] 2-, CH3COO- (Note: Insoluble salts excluded) 
  • Detection of-Nitrogen, Sulphur, Chlorine in organic compounds.

PROJECT

Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources. A few suggested projects are:

  • Checking the bacterial contamination in drinking water by testing sulphide ions. 
  • Study of the methods of purification of water. 
  • Testing the hardness, presence of Iron, fluoride, chloride, etc., depending upon the regional variation in drinking water and study of causes of the presence of these ions above the permissible limit (if any). 
  • Investigation of the foaming capacity of different washing soaps and the effect of addition of Sodium Carbonate on it. 
  • Study the acidity of different samples of tea leaves. 
  • Determination of the rate of evaporation of different liquids. 
  • Study the effect of acids and bases on the tensile strength of fibres. 
  • Study of acidity of fruit and vegetable juices. 

Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the approval of the teacher. 

Physics Experiments
The list of Physic experiments list is given below:

  1. Use of Vernier Callipers 
  • To measure diameter & volume and volume of a small spherical/cylindrical body. 
  • To measure the internal diameter and depth of a given beaker/ calorimeter and hence find its volume.
  1. Use of screw gauge 
  • To measure the diameter of a given wire.
  • To measure the thickness of a given sheet. 
  1. To determine the volume of an irregular lamina using a screw gauge.
  2. To determine the radius of curvature of a given spherical surface by a spherometer. 
  3. To determine the mass of two different objects using beam balance. 
  4. To find the weight of a given body using the parallelogram law of vectors.
  5.  Using a simple pendulum, plot its L-T2 graphs and use it to find the effective length of a second’s pendulum. 
  6. To study the variation of the time period of a simple pendulum of a given length by taking bobs of the same size but different masses and interpreting the result. 
  7. To study the relationship between the force of limiting friction and normal reaction and to find the coefficient of friction between a block and a horizontal surface. 
  8. To find the downward force, along an inclined plane, acting on a roller due to the gravitational pull of the earth and study its relationship with the angle of inclination (θ) by plotting a graph between force and sinθ.

Activities (For the purpose of demonstration only) 

  1. To make a paper scale of given least count, e.g. 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm. 
  2. To determine the mass of a given body using a metre scale by the principle of moments. 
  3. To plot a graph for a given set of data, with proper choice of scales and error bars. 
  4. To measure the force of limiting friction for the rolling of a roller on a horizontal plane. 
  5. To study the variation in the range of a projectile with the angle of projection. 
  6. To study the conservation of energy of a ball rolling down on an inclined plane (using a double inclined plane). 
  7. To study the dissipation of energy of a simple pendulum by plotting a graph between the square of amplitude and time.

SECTION-B Experiments

  1. To determine young’s modulus of a given wire by using Searle’s apparatus. 
  2. To find out the spring constant of a helical spring from its load-extension graph. 
  3. To study the variation in volume (V) with pressure (P) for a sample of air at a constant temperature by plotting graphs between P&V and between P & 1/V. 
  4. To determine the surface tension of water by capillary rise method. 
  5. To determine the coefficient of viscosity of a given liquid by measuring the terminal volume of the spherical body. 
  6. To study the relationship between the temperature of a hot body and time by plotting a cooling curve. 
  7. To determine the specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid (ii) liquid by method of mixtures. 
  8. To study the relation between frequency and length of a given wire under constant tension using a sonometer. 
  9. To study the relation between the length of a given wire and tension for constant frequency using a sonometer. 
  10. To find the speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube by two-resonance positions.

Activities 

  1. To observe the change of state and plot a cooling curve for molten wax. 
  2. To observe and explain the effect of heating on a bi-metallic strip. 
  3. To note the change in the level of liquid in a container on heating and interpret the observations. 
  4. To study the effect of detergent on the surface tension of water by observing capillary rise. 
  5. To study the factors affecting the rate of loss of heat of a liquid.
  6. To study the effect of load on depression of a suitably clamped metre scale loaded. (i) at its end (ii) in the middle. 
  7. To observe the decrease in pressure with an increase in velocity of a fluid.

Study Plan to Maximise Score

Study Plan to Maximise Score

Preparation Tips

Students who will be taking the Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th exam in 2022 should read and follow the following helpful preparation recommendations to ace the exam:

1. Go through the syllabus: This is the very first and most crucial Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th preparation tip. The most critical aspect of any exam preparation is knowing the syllabus and curriculum. So, first and foremost, look over the curriculum thoroughly.

You should understand the topics you need to study and categorise them in order of importance. As a result, you will have a better sense of how to begin the research and what concepts are important to cover and other important details. You also should look at the Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th exam pattern to see how each topic is weighted and plan accordingly.

2. Make a study schedule: The next Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th exam preparation advice is to make a study timetable and stick to it in order to study systematically. You should allocate time to all subjects in a shuffling manner when planning your study routine. Make time for hobbies and interests to keep the mind active.

Check the Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th exam timetable and create a schedule covering the full syllabus at least two months before the exams. Then begin revising to remember the topics.

3. Refer to prescribed and reference books: You should study all the concepts from recommended books once you’ve identified the topics to study. These books contain information on all concepts in an easy-to-understand format. The best way to prepare for class 11 examinations is to refer to the best books available in the market.

After finishing the standard textbooks, you can move on to other reference books to practice with extra questions on specific topics.

4. Maintain a separate notebook for each subject: Maintaining a separate notebook for each subject is a smart way to start preparation because it allows you to jot down essential points, chapter summaries, and your own responses to questions. These notebooks are really useful for revising and improving your Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th class result grades.

5. Clear all the doubts: “A little knowledge is a hazardous thing,” as the adage goes. So, if you have any doubts about a topic, have them cleared and understand the concepts. Keeping the doubts as they are could lead to a misunderstanding. To clear your doubts, you might speak with your subject professors, seniors, or peers.

6. Maintain a healthy lifestyle and a positive outlook: A popular and accurate adage goes, “A healthy mind dwells in a healthy body.” So keep yourself in shape. Maintain a healthy and well-balanced diet. Stay hydrated by drinking water while studying. Keep your mind and body in shape by doing some gentle workouts. Take an early stroll to clear your head.

Exam Taking Strategy

Before taking the Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th exam in 2022, candidates should read the following guidelines:

  • Students must arrive at least 30 minutes before the start of the exam, as they will be allowed an additional 15 minutes to go over the Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th Exam question papers 2022.
  • Candidates are warned not to use any unethical methods, as they will be immediately removed from the exam hall.
  • According to the Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th Exam timetable 2022, students must bring their own stationery because sharing it with others is not permitted in the exam hall.
  • Candidates are not permitted to bring any electronic devices, such as calculators or cell phones.
  • Students should keep in mind that they are not permitted to write anything on the Jammu and Kashmir Board 11th Exam hall ticket 2022, even with a pencil.

Detailed Study plan

Class 11 Physics, Chemistry, Math, and Biology are very different from what you learnt in Class 10. In the Class 11 syllabus, new chapters, concepts, and topics have been included, in more depth. This indicates that in order to do well, one must have a broad understanding of the subject. 

In addition, compared to Class 10, Class 11 requires a far greater understanding of theories, mathematics, visualisations, and so on. Furthermore, exam questions are no longer straightforward. As a result, one must plan accordingly.

  1. Physics:

Understand the chapters completely, from beginning to end, without missing any concepts. Keep in mind that you must be able to visualise the numerous mechanisms, processes, and experiments, among other things. When it comes to Physics, this is critical.

  • In a separate notebook, jot down the key points for each chapter: definitions, brief descriptions, formulas, diagrams, equations, and so on.
  • From the sample papers, learn how to solve problems in a systematic way.
  • At the end of the chapter, answer the practice questions. Mark difficult questions so you may go back and review/practice them later.

    2. Chemistry: The Class 11 Chemistry syllabus is divided into three sections: Physical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, and Inorganic Chemistry. Organic and Inorganic chemistry are two types of chemistry. Organic Chemistry, which contains a number of chemical reactions, is easier than Physical and Inorganic Chemistry.

  • Refer to the other author Class 11 textbook for Chemistry, just like you would for Physics. Remember to grasp every concept, topic, mechanism, process, reaction, and so on. 
  • Chemistry necessitates the memorising of several formulas, reactions, equations, etc. So jot down the equations, reactions, and formulas as you study.
  • Make a list of definitions for different terminology, as well as brief descriptions of relevant processes, reactions, and experiments.
  • If you don’t practise the reactions and equations on a regular basis, you’ll forget them.
  • The example problems will give you an idea of how to tackle challenges.
  • At the end of the chapter, answer the questions.
  • Regularly review the theory, equations, reactions, and formulas.

    3. Mathematics: For engineering students, mathematics is a crucial subject. Students need to memorise numerous formulas. It is not suggested, however, to memorise formulas without first knowing the theory behind them.

  • Understand the concept behind each problem and topic by referring to other authors’ textbooks.
  • Write down the formulas for a chapter, making sure you understand them, what they mean, and how to apply them.
  • Make a mental note of the formulas.
  • Examine the solutions to the problems to learn how to solve them.
  • Finish the chapter by answering questions at the conclusion. The more you practise math, the better you will become. 
  • You will also uncover and learn many shortcuts and strategies to tackle difficulties as you practice.

      4. Biology is crucial for medical students. It is a theory-based subject that necessitates the recall of numerous diagrams,                                 procedures, scientific names, and so on.

  • Read the other author Class 11 Biology books in full to understand the various concepts.
  • Important phrases, points, concise descriptions, diagrams, flow charts, scientific names, etc should all be written down. Then, to avoid forgetting, go over them on a frequent basis.
  • Solve questions at the end of each chapter. Then revise both the theory and the questions on a regular basis.

Exam Counselling

Exam counselling

Student Counselling

The Student Counseling Cell’s objective is to assist students to become more self-aware and realise their full potential. The counselling cell provides a fun and inviting atmosphere for students to express their academic and social concerns.

Students receive the encouragement, support, and tools they need to thrive in school and contribute to their local and global communities through counselling. The purpose of this strategy is to strengthen students from all angles.

Individual and group seminars, as well as classroom training, are used to deliver education. This curriculum is designed to suit the needs of our children as they progress through their developmental phases.

Parent/Gaurdian counselling

Being a parent can be the most wonderful experience you will ever have, but it can also be the most exhausting. You may teach your child life skills like having a conversation or managing conflict when they have learned to walk and talk. When there are so many parenting books to choose from, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed (each claiming to have discovered the one ideal method to raise your child).

Parent counselling is a nonjudgmental service that offers parents information, advice, skills, and emotional support. Unlike family counselling, which has its own range of benefits, parent counselling focuses on how you, as the parent, impact the dynamics of your family.

Parent counselling uses a variety of tactics to assist parents in better understanding their innate parenting style and how particular barriers affect and modify it. When a parent understands how to deal with their problems, they may devote their complete attention to maintaining, increasing, or restoring family harmony.

Important Dates

About Exam

Exam Date

As per the official time table, the annual Class 11 exam for the students of the Jammu region- Summer Zone, will start on April 20. We have provided the complete date sheet in the table below:

 

Date & Day Faculty of Science Faculty of Arts Faculty of Home Science Faculty of Commerce
Wednesday, April 20, 2022  Geography Geography/ Psychology/ Music/ Philosophy/ Education Business Studies
Saturday, April 23 2022 General English General English General English General English
Tuesday, April 26 2022 Chemistry Arabic/ Persian/ Sanskrit/ Economics/ Entrepreneurship Economics
Thursday, April 28/ 2022 Geology/ Biotechnology/ Microbiology/ Biochemistry Urdu/ Hindi/ Kashmiri Dogri/ Punjabi/ Bhoti Family Healthcare and Prevention
Monday, May 02, 2022 Physics Home Science (Elective)/ History/ Public Administration Management of Resources Public Administration/ Business Mathematics
Wednesday, May 4 2022 Vocational Subjects- IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Agriculture/ Electronic & Hardware/ Telecomm/ Tourism & Hospitality/ Plumber/ Electronics and Hardware/ Automotive/ Apparels/ Makeup and Home Furnishing Vocational Subjects- IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Agriculture/ Electronic & Hardware/ Telecomm/ Tourism & Hospitality/ Plumber/ Electronics and Hardware/ Automotive/ Apparels/ Makeup and Home Furnishing Vocational Subjects- IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Agriculture/ Electronic & Hardware/ Telecomm/ Tourism & Hospitality/ Plumber/ Electronics and Hardware/ Automotive/ Apparels/ Makeup and Home Furnishing Vocational Subjects- IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Agriculture/ Electronic & Hardware/ Telecomm/ Tourism & Hospitality/ Plumber/ Electronics and Hardware/ Automotive/ Apparels/ Makeup and Home Furnishing
Saturday, May 7  2022 Biology (Botany & Zoology) Statistics/ Political Science Accountancy
Tuesday, May 10 2022 Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Electronics/ Buddhist Studies/ English Literature/ Travel/ Tourism and Hotel Management Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Buddhist Studies/ English Literature/ Travel/ Tourism and Hotel Management Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Buddhist Studies/ English Literature/ Travel/ Tourism and Hotel Management Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Buddhist Studies/ English Literature/ Travel/ Tourism and Hotel Management
Friday, 13 May 2022 Mathematics/Applied Mathematics Mathematics/Applied Mathematics/ Sociology Food Science/ Food Technology

 

How to Download JKBOSE Class 11 2022 Date Sheet?

Students can download the official JKBOSE Class 11 2022 date sheet for Jammu Division Summer Zone from their  official website, by following the below mentioned steps:

 

  • 1st step: Visit the JKBOSE official website at jkbose.nic.in.

  • 2nd step: Under the Jammu Division column, you will see ‘Date Sheet for Class 11th Session, Ann/Reg 2022 Summer Zone (Jammu Division)’. Click on View.

  • 3rd step: The official date sheet will be displayed on the screen.

  • 4th step: Download the same and save it in your computer or mobile phone.

  • 5th step: You can take a printout of the same for ready reference.

JKBOSE Class 11 Exam 2022 – Important Instructions

 

  1. Students must carry their JKBOSE Class 11 2022 Admit Card on all days of the examination for verification.

  2. Student must adhere to the instructions and standard operating procedure given at the back side of the admit card.

  3. Students are also instructed that carrying any kind of electronic device or gadgets like feature phones, smartphones, smartwatches, bluetooth devices, calculator and calculator watches are not allowed.

The date sheet of KJBOSE Class 11 2021 is given in the table below:

Date Science Arts Home Science Commerce
December 18, 2021 Chemistry Arabic/ Persian/ Economics Entrepreneurship Economics
December 20, 2021 General English General English General English General English
December 23, 2021 Mathematics
Applied Mathematics
Mathematics
Applied Mathematics
Sociology
Food Science
December 26, 2021 Biology
Statistics
Political Science
Statistics
Accountancy
December 28, 2021 IT & ITes/ Security Retail/ Agriculture Healthcare/ Telecomm. Tourism/ Media & Ent.
Physical Edu. & Sports
Beauty & Wellness
Plumber/ Automobile
IT & ITes/ Security Retail/ Agriculture Healthcare/ Telecomm. Tourism/ Media & Ent.
Physical Edu. & Sports
Beauty & Wellness
Plumber/ Automobile
IT & ITes/ Security Retail/ Agriculture Healthcare/ Telecomm. Tourism/ Media & Ent.
Physical Edu. & Sports
Beauty & Wellness
Plumber/ Automobile
IT & ITes/ Security Retail/ Agriculture Healthcare/ Telecomm. Tourism/ Media & Ent.
Physical Edu. & Sports
Beauty & Wellness
Plumber/ Automobile
December 30, 2021 Physics Home Science (Elective)
History
Public Administration
Management of Resources Business Mathematics
Public Administration
January 01, 2022 Geography Geography/ Psychology/ Music/ Philosophy/ Education Business Studies
January 03, 2022 Geology
Biotechnology
Microbiology
Biochemistry
Urdu/ Hindi
Kashmiri/ Punjabi
Family Health Care & Prevention
January 05, 2022 Computer Science
Information Practices
Environmental Science
Functional English
Physical Education
Islamic Studies
Electronics
Computer Science
Information Practices
Environmental Science
Functional English
Physical Education
Islamic Studies
English Literature
Travel, Tourism and Hotel Management
Computer Science
Information Practices
Environmental Science
Functional English
Physical Education
Islamic Studies
Travel, Tourism and Hotel Management
Computer Science
Information Practices
Environmental Science
Functional English
Physical Education
Islamic Studies
Travel, Tourism and Hotel Management

FAQs

Freaquently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

Here is a list of frequently asked questions.

Q1. What are the subjects in the 11th class?
Ans.
Few of the main subjects for Class 11 are given below:

  • Arithmetic (For engineering aspirants)
  • Theoretical physics (Compulsory for science)
  • The science of chemistry (Compulsory for science)
  • Biological sciences (For medical aspirants)
  • Computer science is the study of computers etc.

Q2. Is there a board exam in the 11th grade?
Ans.
No, the JKBOSE Class 11 examination is not a board exam. Although, the board releases the date sheet. But, schools affiliated with the board conduct the exam on their premises.

Q3. How do I study for Class 11 JKBOSE 2022?
Ans.
Don’t take on too many tasks in a single day. Each stream in class 11 contains five subjects, so divide them evenly in a week and devote equal time to each. Don’t put too much strain on yourself; instead of taking a dozen things at once, divide them into 5-6 concepts and study sensibly.

Q4. How many chapters are there in Physics 11th grade?
Ans.
There are a total of 15 chapters in Physics in the 11th grade.

Q5. How can I top in Class 11?
Ans.
From the NCERT Class 11 textbook, read the various concepts in detail. Important phrases, points, concise descriptions, diagrams, flow charts, scientific names, etc should all be written down. Then, to avoid forgetting, go over them on a frequent basis. Solve questions at the end of each chapter.

Q.6. When does the JKBOSE Class 11 2022 exam begin?
Ans. As per the official notification released by JKBOSE the Class 11 exam 2022 for Jammu Division Summer Zone will begin on April 20, 2022 and end on May 13, 2022.

List of Educational Institutions

About Exam

List of Schools/Colleges

List of JKBOSE affiliated government high/higher secondary schools in Leh

S.no School Name and Address School Code
1 Govt. Higher Secondary School Turtuk 50001
2 Govt. Higher Secondary School Bogdang (Nubra) 50002
3 Govt. Higher Secondary School Diskit (Nubra) 50003
4 Govt. Higher Secondary School Girls Leh 50004
5 Govt. Higher Secondary School Boys Leh 50005
6 Govt. Higher Secondary School Chuchot Shama 50006
7 Govt. Higher Secondary School Sakti 50007
8 Govt. Higher Secondary School Tangtse 50008
9 Govt. Higher Secondary School Nyoma 50009
10 Govt. Higher Secondary School Saspol 50010
11 Govt. Higher Secondary School Temisgam 50011
12 Govt. Higher Secondary School Khaltsi 50012
13 Govt. Higher Secondary School Skurbuchan 50013
14 Govt. High School Hunder (Nubra) 50014
15 Govt. High School Sumoor (Nubra) 50015
16 Govt. High School Panamik (Nubra) 50016
17 Govt. High School Chushut (Changthang) 50017
18 Govt. High School Chumathang 50018
19 Govt. High School Liktsey 50019
20 Govt. High School Igloo 50020
21 Govt. High School Shara 50021
22 Govt. High School Gai 50022
23 Govt. High School Thiksay 50023
24 Govt. High School Shey 50024
25 Govt. High School Chuchot Gongma 50025
26 Govt. High School Matho 50026
27 Govt. High School Stok 50027
28 Govt. High School Phyang 50028
29 Govt. High School Nimoo 50029
30 Govt. High School Basgo 50030
31 Govt. High School Tai 50031
32 Govt. High School Wanla 50032
33 Govt. High School Lamayuru 50033
34 Govt. High School Domkhar 50034
35 Govt. High School Bema 50035
36 Govt. High School Hanu Yokma 50036
37 Govt. High School Hemis Kupchan 50037
38 Govt. High School Liker 50038
39 Imamia Mission School Chuchot 50039
40 Sidhartha School Stok 50040
41 Mahabodhi Residential School Saboo Dho. Leh 50041
42 Imamia Model School Leh 50042
43 Islamia Public School Leh 50043

List of JKBOSE affiliated government high/higher secondary schools in Kargil

S.no School Name and Address School Code
1 Govt. HSS Panikhar 52001
2 Govt. Girls HS Panikhar 52002
3 Govt. HSS Sankoo 52003
4 Govt. HSS Barsoo 52004
5 Govt. HSS Trespone 52005
6 Govt. HSS Drass 52006
7 Govt. HSS Shargole 52007
8 Govt. HSS Chicktan 52008
9 Govt. HSS Shaker 52009
10 Govt. HSS Silmoo 52010
11 Govt. HSS Yourbal Tak 52011
12 Govt. HSS Akchamal 52012
13 Govt. HSS Boys (Old Building Chutak) Kargil 52013
14 Govt. HSS Girls Kargil 52014
15 High School Parkachik 52015
16 HSS Padum Zanskar 52016
17 High School Karsha, Zanskar 52017
18 High School Phey, Zanskar 52018
19 Landon High School Zanskar 52019
20 High School Kargee 52021
21 High School Sangrah 52022
22 High School Tikat 52023
23 Girls High School Sankoo 52024
24 High School Lankerchey 52025
25 High School Saliskote 52026
26 High School Tambis 52028
27 High School Pashkum 52029
28 High School Lotsum 52030
29 High School Kachay 52031
30 High School Wakha 52032
31 High School Mulbeck 52033
32 High School Khangral 52034
33 High School B. Kherboo 52035
34 High School Samrah 52036
35 High School Hagnis 52037
36 High School Shimsha Kherboo 52038
37 High School Thasgam Drass 52039
38 High School Bhimbhat Drass 52040
39 High School Muradbagh, Drass 52042
40 High School Mushkow, Drass 52043
41 Govt. Lower H/S Yokza Sankoo 52044
42 High School Pandrass 52045
43 High School Minji 52046
44 High School Choskore 52047
45 High School Hardass 52048
46 High School Chanigound 52049
47 High School Karkit, Badagam 52050
48 High School Baroo 52051
49 High School Poyen, Kargil 52052
50 High School Goma Kargil 52053
51 Jaffaria Academy of Modern Education (10+2) Kargil 52054
52 Govt. Lower H/S Itcher Zanskar 52066

Parent Counselling

About Exam

Parent Counselling

The importance of counselling cannot be overstated. Parents require expert assistance to handle issues and worries about their child’s condition. Parent counselling focuses on encouraging positive behaviour, managing negative behaviour, and understanding their children’s emotional needs. One or both parents can do this. Parent counselling gives parents the support, skills, and knowledge they need to deal with various issues that affect their children. Also, parents should be more aware of their children’s potential work opportunities.

Future Exams

Similar

List of Future Exam

Class 11 is the foundation for future exams and courses. The syllabus and preparation for Class 11 would let students crack several national-level exams and enrol in various courses for future progress. Let's have a look at the several national competitive examinations that are accessible after class 11:


Stream
   
Exam   
   
Engineering   
   
    
Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) Main
    
JEE Advanced
    
Birla Institute of Technology and Science Admission Test (BITSAT) entrance exam
    
COMED-K
    
IPU-CET (B. Tech)
    
Manipal (B. Tech)
    
VITEEE
    
AMU (B. Tech)
    
NDA Entrance with PCM (MPC)      
   
Medical   
   
    
National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test (NEET)
    
AIIMS
    
JIPMER      
   
Defence Services   
   
    
Indian Maritime University Common Entrance Test
    
Indian Navy B.Tech Entry Scheme
    
Indian Army Technical Entry Scheme (TES) ·
    
National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (I)      
   
Fashion and Design   
   
    
National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) Entrance Test
    
National Institute of Design Admissions
    
All India Entrance Examination for Design (AIEED)
    
Symbiosis Institute of Design Exam
    
Footwear Design and Development Institute
    
Maeer’s MIT Institute of Design
    
National Institute of Fashion Design
    
National Aptitude Test in Architecture
    
Center for Environmental Planning and Technology (CEPT)      
   
Social Sciences   
   
    
Banaras Hindu University
    
IIT Madras Humanities and Social Sciences Entrance Examination (HSEE)
    
TISS Bachelors Admission Test (TISS-BAT)      
   
Law   
   
    
Common-Law Admission Test
    
All India Law Entrance Test (AILET)      
   
Science   
   
    
Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana (KVPY)
    
National Entrance Screening Test (NEST)      
   
Mathematics   
   
    
Indian Statistical Institute Admission
    
Admissions to Universities
    
Various B.Sc Programs
    
Banasthali Vidyapith Admission      

Practical Knowledge/Career Goals

Prediction

Learning from Real World

Students who cannot connect their classroom learning to the “real world” are at risk of dropping out. By adding real-life experiences into the classroom, students can better understand why they are in school and how the programs will help them achieve their goals.

Future Skills

  • Coding

Coding is writing codes for computer programming that is used to build software, websites, and applications. If it weren’t for it, we wouldn’t have Facebook, cellphones, the browser we have been using to read our favourite blogs, or even the websites themselves. Code is in charge of everything.

For tech-savvy individuals willing to put in the time and desire to learn, coding isn’t tough. People who aren’t persistent enough to pursue coding give it an unfairly bad reputation. In the simplest coding languages, there are only a few hundred words and rules to remember. That’s a drop in the bucket as compared to learning a spoken foreign language. Once you’ve mastered the fundamental languages, learning new coding methodologies is rather simple. Several programming languages use similar methodologies to design and debug computer applications.

Since the 1970s, computer scientists have created over 700 different programming languages. Each language has its own method for helping computers process enormous amounts of data. Although each coding language has its own vocabulary and features, there is considerable overlap. However, new coders should not be overwhelmed by the sheer number of programming types. There are just about a dozen programming languages that are extensively used. Among them are Ruby, Swift, JavaScript, Cobol, Objective-C, Visual Basic, and Perl. Let’s have a look at some of the most common programming languages that beginners should be aware of.

  • HTML (hypertext markup language) – HTML (hypertext markup language) is the industry standard for creating web pages that show electronic data. Tim Berners-Lee designed HTML in 1990 to format online information, graphics, and videos. HTML tells the internet browser how to display web pages to have the best possible experience.
  • Sun Microsystems created Java as an object-oriented programming language in 1995. Java commands are used to create single-machine or full-server programmes, as well as simple online applets. Java is a widely-used programming language for mobile apps and video games, especially on Android devices.
  • Python was created in 1991 by Guido van Rossum as a server-side web and software development language. Python has an easy-to-understand, English-like syntax for scripting back-end processes in high-performance programmes, user interfaces, and operating systems. Many systems, like Google and NASA’s Integrated Planning System, employ Python.
  • CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) – CSS is a scripting language for defining a website’s style. CSS, which was established by Hakon Wium Lie in 1994, tells internet browsers how to display a website’s layout, background colour, font size, cursor shape, and other elements. Good CSS code must be produced and maintained for websites to have aesthetic appeal.
  • The C programming language was created in 1972 by Bell Labs to create the UNIX operating system. With only 32 keywords, C is the simplest programming language for scripting embedded devices, network drivers, and artificial intelligence. The C programming language may be used in several ways to interface with computer hardware.
  • C++ is an object-oriented programming language based on C that enables you to do higher-level computer functions. Bjarne Stroustrup designed C++ in 1983 as a programming language that organises and stores data in bundles, allowing for more complex programmes. C++ is utilised to speed up processing in Adobe, Microsoft Office, Amazon, and Mozilla products.
  • PHP (hypertext processor) is a web development computer language created in 1994 by Rasmus Lerdorf. By integrating server programming and HTML, PHP is widely used to create dynamic website content. WordPress, an open-source online platform that runs 20% of all websites and blogs, uses PHP considerably.
  • SQL (structured query language) is a domain-specific programming language that allows stream data into a database. In 1974, IBM researchers proposed SQL as a concise vocabulary for running online back-end databases. Most businesses rely on SQL to load, retrieve, and analyse data stored on their servers.

Here are a few high-demand jobs that look for individuals who can code.

  • Database Administrator – Database administrators utilise coding to create secure data storage files and backups. Database managers generally use SQL with C or C++ to fine-tune database systems for approved access. By 2028, the number of database administrators will have increased by 9%, to 127,400 new jobs. Database administrators have an annual salary of $89,050 on average.
  • Web developer – Web developers are coding specialists who design websites with information, photos, audio, and video. Web developers frequently use HTML, CSS, and Java to construct high-performing websites with a lot of traffic. The number of web developers will have climbed by 13% to 181,400 by 2028. Web developers earn an average of $82,370 a year.
  • Analyst in Information Security – Information security analysts know how to develop digital software that encrypts and protects data files. C++, Python, and JavaScript are commonly used by information security researchers to create tools that stop hackers in their tracks. The demand for an additional 35,500
  • Information security positions will rise by 32%. Information security analysts earn an average of $99,730 per year.
  • Applications Developer – Developers of apps are the programmers who design the software that runs on computers, tablets, phones, smart TVs, and wearable devices. Developers use coding languages ranging from Ruby to Scala to supply app stores with downloadable apps. The number of application developers hired is expected to rise by 26% to 241,500. Application developers earn an average of $108,080 a year.
  • Health Informatics Specialist – Health informatics specialists create database systems for collecting, storing, and accessing patient records. Health informatics specialists employ basic coding languages to construct usable, secure EHR software for electronic recordkeeping. By 2028, health informatics is predicted to grow at a faster-than-average rate of 11%. Health informatics experts earn an average of $88,625.
  • Instructional Designer – Instructional designers must code in today’s digital environment to build a compelling curriculum for K-12 students to learn. Instructional designers create interactive course teaching materials using C, PHP, Java, and other programming languages. Instructional designers will see a 6% growth, bringing the total number of positions to 193,000. Instructional designers earn an average of $69,180 per year.
  • DIY (Do it yourself)

DIY (do-it-yourself) is a project-based, activity-based learning method. Topics such as English and Hindi can be taught through play, while social science issues can be taught through conversation, surveys, and fieldwork. Experiments, field studies, and other methods can be used to learn science. Some mathematics disciplines, such as profit and loss, area measurement, and so on, should be taught to students through activities. Embibe App has DIY activities for every grade, subject, and chapter to make learning fun and meaningful.

  • IoT 

In a nutshell, the Internet of Things is the concept of linking any device (as long as it has an on/off switch) to the Internet and other connected devices. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a vast network of networked objects and people that collect and share information about how they are used and the world around them.

This includes everything from smart microwaves that cook your food for the exact amount of time you specify to self-driving cars with complex sensors that detect objects in their path to wearable fitness devices that track your heart rate and the number of actions you take each day and use that information to recommend exercise programmes tailored to you. Even connected footballs can track how far and how fast they are thrown and record the information in an app for practice.

People can use the internet of things to live and work more intelligently and gain complete control over their lives. In addition to delivering smart gadgets to automate homes, the Internet of Things is vital to business. The Internet of Things provides businesses with a real-time perspective of how their systems work, delivering data on anything from machine performance to supply chain and logistical operations.

The Internet of Things can help businesses automate operations and save money on human resources. Cutting production and transportation costs and increasing transparency in consumer transactions also lowers waste and improves service delivery.

As a result, the Internet of Things has become one of the most important technologies in modern society. It will gain traction as more businesses recognise the need for linked devices in staying competitive.

Career Skills

The abilities you have that enable you to do your job and manage your career are known as career skills. These are in addition to the abilities and technical knowledge required to perform the tasks of your career.

Following are some of the job skills taught in the curriculum that will help each student succeed in the future:

1. RETAIL

2. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

3. SECURITY

4. AUTOMOTIVE

5. INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL MARKETS

6. INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM

7. BEAUTY AND WELLNESS

8. AGRICULTURE

9. FOOD PRODUCTION

10. FRONT OFFICE OPERATIONS

11. BANKING AND INSURANCE

12. MARKETING AND SALES
13. HEALTHCARE

14. APPAREL

15. MULTIMEDIA

16. MULTI SKILL FOUNDATION

17. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

18. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TRAINER

19. DATA SCIENTIST

20. SCHOOLTEACHER

21. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

22. ANALYST

23. STATISTICIAN

24. ARCHITECT

25. LAW

26.ACTUARIAL SCIENCE

27. DEFENSE

Career Prospects/Which stream to choose

Although the Class 11 test does not result in a direct job decision, students should be informed about career alternatives to further their research in their selected field. Students can pursue their interests in science, commerce, the arts, fine arts, and other professions after Class 11. A student must pass scientific and competitive tests such as NEET, JEE, and others if they want to pursue a profession in medicine or engineering. Students can apply for CA, CS, FCA, and other business-related positions. Students who want to work in journalism, law, fine arts, or airline hostess should study the arts or humanities.

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